农地转入能否促农户采纳有机肥技术?—— 一个主体行为能力视角的解释

Can the expansion of land scale promote farmers to adopt organic fertilizer technology?: An explaination from the perspective of the subject capacity

关键词:  有机肥  土地流转  经营规模  行为能力  技术采纳

Key words:  organic fertilizer  land transfer  operation scale  behavioral capacity  technology adoption

摘要:

为探讨农地流入对象的属性特征及其行为能力差异对有机肥采纳决策的影响，从农地流入对象视角切入，着重讨论土地向规模户与散户集中可能造成有机肥技术采纳行为差异的理论机理，结合2019年对湖北省939家农户的田野调查数据，运用Probit模型进行实证，并用Heckman-Probit模型进行稳健性检验。研究表明:土地转入规模户对有机肥采纳具有显著正向影响，土地转入散户则对有机肥采纳的影响不显著。进一步的机制变量分析表明:由于在要素交易前具有更强的谈判能力，规模户的土地转入具有更高的连片性，从而增强其对土地价值的正面感知，继而激发其产生包括采纳有机肥技术在内的长期投资行为；由于在要素交易时具有更强的合约治理能力，规模户普遍采用的正式合约能够显著增强其对土地稳定性的正面感知，也能够激发其对土地的长期投资行为；由于在要素交易后具有更强的综合生产能力，规模户更高自我效果能感能够降低其对有机肥技术采纳的感知风险，从而激发其采纳行为发生。基于此，本研究从土地产权实施的视角和农户赋能的视角分别提出了相应的策略建议。

Abstract:

In order to discuss the influence of the attribute characteristics and behavioral capacity differences of land inflow object on the decision of organic fertilizer adoption, this study focuses on the theoretical mechanism of the differences in organic fertilizer technology adoption behavior caused by the concentration of land to large-scale and small-scale households. From the perspective of farmland inflow object, the field survey data of 939 farmers in Hubei Province in 2020 are combined and a Probit model is used to conduct empirical test. The results showed that: The land transfer to large-scale households had a significant positive impact on the adoption of organic fertilizer, while the land transfer to small households had no significant impact on the adoption of organic fertilizer. Further analysis of the mechanism variables showed that: Due to the stronger negotiation ability before factor transaction, the land transfer of large-scale households had higher contiguity, which enhanced their positive perception of land value, and then encouraged them to produce long-term investment behaviors including adopting organic fertilizer technology; Due to their stronger contractual governance ability in factor transaction, the formal contract commonly adopted by large-scale households significantly enhanced their positive perception of land stability and stimulated their long-term investment behavior in land. ; Due to the stronger comprehensive production capacity after factor trading, the higher self-efficacy of large-scale households reduced the perceived risk of adopting organic fertilizer technology, thus stimulated the adoption behavior. Based on this, this study puts forward corresponding strategies and suggestions from the perspective of land property rights implementation and peasant household empowerment.