农业科技强国评价指标体系与中国实现度分析

Evaluation index system and realization degree analysis of China agricultural science and technology power

关键词:  农业科技  科技强国  指标体系  评价  农业科技现代化

Key words:  agricultural science and technology  powerful country of science and technology  index system  evaluation  modernization of agricultural science and technology

摘要:

为量化评价我国农业科技水平与世界发达国家的整体差距，本研究基于对农业科技强国的理论认识，经过多学科、多群体、多轮次研讨，首次提出和设计了包括科技支撑能力、农业技术水平、农业科技效率、农业科技条件和农业科技产出等5个1级指标及19个2级指标的农业科技强国评价指标体系，并据此收集整理中国与世界发达国家相关数据，通过层次分析法对中国农业科技强国实现度进行初步评估。结果表明:目前中国农业科技强国实现度为62%，与世界农业科技强国仍有不小差距，在迈向世界农业科技强国的道路上，中国刚刚走完2/3的路程，正处于“爬坡过坎”的阶段。因此，中国亟需在农业科技投入强度、农业科技人力资源、企业研发投入等方面加强力量、加快步伐、加大投入，大幅提升农业劳动生产率、农产品加工增值、土地产出率，优先补齐的农业农村科技创新短板，以确保2050年建成世界农业科技强国。

Abstract:

In order to quantitatively evaluate the overall gap on agricultural science and technology(S&T)level between China and the developed countries, based on the consideration on theory of agricultural S&T power, an evaluation index system was designed through multidisciplinary, multiple-groups, multiple-rounds discussions in this study. The index system mainly consisted of five primary indices, including the S&T supporting ability, agricultural technology level, S&T efficiency, S&T condition and S&T output, and 19 secondary indices. The relevant data on agricultural sector in China and other developed countries were collected based on the designed index system. A preliminary evaluation was then conducted for the realization degree of agricultural S&T power in China based on an analytic hierarchy process. The results showed that the degree of the implementation of China's agricultural S&T power was 62% presently. There was still a big gap of agricultural S&T power between China and other developed countries. China has just walked over two-thirds of the way to become a country with strong agricultural S&T power, and is in the “climbing camp” phase. It is necessary for China to make more efforts in increasing agricultural S&T input intensity, agricultural S&T human resources and enterprise R&D strength, and improving agricultural labor productivity, agricultural products processing value-added and land productivity. These measures would ensure that China would become into a counrty with great power in agricultural S&T of the world by 2050.