非寄主植物萃取物对瓜列当种子萌发的影响

Germination stimulation of Phelipanche aegyptiaca by extracts derived from non-host plants

关键词:  椒蒿  植物萃取物  瓜列当  种子萌发  诱捕作物

Key words:  Artemisia dracunculus  plant extract  Phelipanche aegyptiaca  seed germination  trap crop

摘要:

为寻找能够刺激瓜列当(Phelipanche aegyptiaca)种子发芽的诱捕作物，利用不同浓度的乙醇溶液依次浸泡供试植株，再用正己烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯依次萃取乙醇浸提液，得到该种植物的正己烷萃取物、氯仿萃取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物。通过室内种子萌发试验，测定不同植物萃取物对瓜列当种子发芽率的影响，明确不同植物各种萃取物对瓜列当种子萌发的诱导情况。结果表明:椒蒿、窃衣、一枝蒿、香青兰和驱虫斑鸠菊可作为诱捕作物，诱导列当种子“自杀式发芽”。氯仿萃取物的诱导效果显著，其次为正己烷萃取物，活性最弱的是乙酸乙酯萃取物。供试植物中椒蒿的氯仿萃取物对瓜列当种子的诱导活性显著，其氯仿萃取物在浓度为2.20×10^-2 μg/mL时，瓜列当种子发芽率可高达99.20%，表明椒蒿是一种非常有潜力的诱捕作物。

Abstract:

In order to search for the trapping crops that can stimulate the seed germination of Phelipanche aegyptiaca, ethanol extracts were firstly obtained by soaking different plants with different concentrations of ethanol. The ethanol extracts were then extracted by n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate in turn to obtain the n-hexane extract, chloroform extract and ethyl acetate extract, respectively. Seed germination experiments were conducted to determine and evaluate the effect of different plant extracts on the germination of P. aegyptiaca seeds. The results showed that Artemisia dracunculus, Torilis scabra, Artemisia rupestris, Vernonia anthelmintica, and Dracocephalum moldavica can be used as trap crops to stimulate the seed the suicide germination of P. aegyptiaca. The chloroform extracts had the highest germination activity, followed by n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Among all the tested plants, the chloroform extracts of A. dracunculus induced high levels of germination of the seeds(99. 20%)at the concentration of 2. 20×10^-2 μg/mL, demonstrating that A. dracunculus is a promising trap crop candidate for P. aegyptiaca.