阿茹拉-7味散早期干预形成的瘤胃微生物环境对感染致病性大肠杆菌犊牛免疫力的影响

Effect of rumen microbiota environment formed by Baatar-7 powder early intervention on immunity of calves infected with pathogenic Escherichia coli

关键词:  阿茹拉-7味散  致病性大肠杆菌  瘤胃微生物  16S rRNA测序

Key words:  Baatar-7 powder  pathogenic Escherichia coli  rumen microbiota  16S rRNA sequencing

摘要:

为探讨阿茹拉-7味散早期干预形成的瘤胃共生菌与大肠杆菌性腹泻犊牛免疫力相互作用的影响，选择30头荷斯坦犊牛随机分为正常对照组(NC)、未治疗组(UC)、抗菌药物组(CIP，0.50 mg/kg)、蒙药阿茹拉-7味散低(BSP.L，1.25 g/kg)、中(BSP.M，2.50 g/kg)、高(BSP.H，5.0 g/kg)剂量组，每组5头，给药7 d后，采集血样。利用16S rRNA测序技术检测瘤胃微生物组成和ELISA检测血清中白介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白介素4(IL-4)、白介素2(IL-2)和干扰素γ(IFN-γ)的含量。结果表明:(1)与NC组相比，UC组中ACE指数显著降低(P<0.05)；与UC组相比，BSP.M组中Chao1指数、Shannon指数和ACE指数显著升高(P<0.05)。(2)与NC组相比，UC组中梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)的水平显著升高(P<0.05)；与UC组相比，BSP.L、BSP.M和BSP.H组中梭杆菌门、变形菌门和大肠杆菌的水平显著降低(P<0.05)，且BSP.L组中柔嫩梭菌属(Faecalibacterium)的水平显著升高(P<0.05)。(3)BSP.M组犊牛体重和平均日增重显著增加(P<0.05)，还可以降低腹泻率。(4)与UC组相比，BSP.M组血清中IL-4、IL-2和IFN-γ的含量显著升高，显著降低IL-6和TNF-α的含量(P<0.05)。综上所述，中剂量阿茹拉-7味散早期干预形成的瘤胃微生物环境对感染致病性大肠杆菌犊牛瘤胃菌群数量增加，丰富度和多样性上升，增加有益菌群所占比例，降低条件致病菌所占比例，增强抗炎、免疫能力，降低腹泻发生的风险。

Abstract:

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of the rumen microbiota environment formed by Baatar-7 powder early intervention on immunity in calves infected with pathogenic Escherichia coli O₁. A total of 30 Holstein calves were randomly divided into the normal control group(NC), untreated group(UC), cipfloxacin group(CIP), Baatar-7 powder low(1. 25 g/kg, BSP. L), medium(2. 50 g/kg, BSP. M)and high(5. 0 g/kg, BSP. H)groups(n=5). At 7 days after administration, blood samples were collected. The rumen contents were detected by 16S rRNA sequencing technology, and the levels of interleukin 6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α), interleukin 4(IL-4), interleukin 2(IL-2)and Interferon γ(IFN-γ)in serum were detected by ELISA. The results showed that: 1)Compared with the NC group, ACE index in the UC group was significantly decreased(P<0. 05); Compared with the UC group, the Chao1 index, Shannon index, and ACE index in the BSP. M group were significantly increased(P<0. 05). 2)Compared with the NC group, the level of abundance of Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and E. coli in the UC group were significantly increased(P<0. 05); Compared with the UC group, the levels of Fusobacterium, Proteobacteria, and Escherichia coli in the BSP. L, BSP. M, and BSP. H groups were significantly reduced(P<0. 05), but in the BSP. L group, the level of Faecalibacterium was significantly increased(P<0. 05). 3)The body weight and average daily gain of calves in BSP. M group were significantly increased(P<0. 05), and the diarrhea rate was also decreased. 4)Compared with the UC group, the serum levels of IL-4, IL-2, and IFN-γ in BSP. M group were significantly higher those in UC group, and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower(P<0. 05). In summary, the rumen microbiota environment formed by the early intervention of medium dose of Baatar seven powder increased the number, richness and diversity of ruminal microflora infected with the pathogenic E. coli, increased the proportion of beneficial microflora, reduced the proportion of opportunistic pathogens, enhanced anti-inflammatory and immune capabilities, and reduced the risk of diarrhea.