蚯蚓粪基质中添加菌根真菌和混合矿物对西瓜苗期生长的影响

Effects of additional mycorrhizal fungi and mixed minerals in vermicompost substrate on the growth of watermelon seedlingsXIA Siyao, WANG Chong*, WANG Xinyu, XUE Rui, LIU Mengli

关键词:  养分吸收  生长激素  生物量  微量元素

Key words:  nutrient absorption  growth hormone  biomass  trace elements

摘要:

为探究蚯蚓粪基质中添加菌根真菌和混合矿物对西瓜苗期生长的影响，于2018年10—11月在中国农业大学温室内进行盆栽试验，设置4个处理，分别为:CK(接种灭菌菌根真菌)、AM(接种菌根真菌)、KW(添加混合矿物并接种灭菌菌根真菌)、AM+KW(添加混合矿物并接种菌根真菌)，42 d后采样测定基质养分含量、西瓜幼苗生物量、叶绿素含量以及根系生长指标。结果显示:在蚯蚓粪中添加混合矿物可以将基质容重降低42.18%，并显著提高基质的全氮、速效磷的含量(P<0.05)，进而促进西瓜幼苗地下部的养分吸收，其中对Ca、Fe以及Mg的吸收量分别增加了60.97%、21.21%以及84.52%。同时接种菌根真菌和添加混合矿物可以显著增加西瓜幼苗的赤霉素含量(P<0.05)，进而显著提高西瓜幼苗的地下部鲜重和根长(P<0.001)。综上所述，在蚯蚓粪中添加混合矿物及接种菌根真菌可以改善西瓜幼苗的根系生长和养分吸收，最终促进西瓜幼苗生长。

Abstract:

A microcosm experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of mycorrhizal fungi and mixed minerals in vermicompost substrate on watermelon seedling growth. Pot experiment was carried out in greenhouse of China Agricultural University from 16 October to 27 November 2018. Four treatments were designed as follows: CK(inoculating sterilized mycorrhizal fungi), AM(inoculating mycorrhizal fungi), KW(adding mixed minerals and inoculating sterilized mycorrhizal fungi), AM+KW(adding mixed minerals and inoculating mycorrhizal fungi). After harvesting, the basal nutrient content, biomass, chlorophyll content and root growth index of watermelon seedlings were determined. The results indicated that the addition of mixed minerals in vermicompost decreased the bulk density by 42. 18%, while significantly increased the total nitrogen and available phosphorus(P<0. 05), which promoted plant's uptake of Ca, Fe and Mg in root by 60. 97%、21. 21% and 84. 52%, respectively. Adding mycorrhizal fungi and mixed minerals to the vermicompost significantly increased the gibberellin content of watermelon seedlings(P<0. 05)and improved the root fresh weight(P<0. 001). In summary, adding mixed minerals and inoculating mycorrhizal fungi to vermicompost could improve the root growth and the nutrient uptake in the watermelon seedlings, thus promoted the biomass of watermelon seedlings.