| 摘要: |
| 针对收获过程中马铃薯破皮损伤率高的问题，以新鲜马铃薯为研究对象，借助马铃薯碰撞试验台，通过正交试验分析试验因素对马铃薯碰撞损伤体积的影响；结合马铃薯碰撞加速度变化曲线，分析马铃薯与杆条的碰撞压缩过程；选取初始高度和马铃薯质量为试验因素，考察碰撞加速度峰值随各因素水平的变化规律并建立回归模型，最后测试马铃薯碰撞损伤临界值。试验结果表明:影响马铃薯碰撞损伤体积因素的显著性由高到低依次为初始高度、马铃薯质量、马铃薯温度和碰撞材料；马铃薯与杆条碰撞经历了粘弹性压缩、弹塑性压缩、弹性恢复、与杆条分离等4个阶段；加速度峰值随初始高度的增加而增加，随马铃薯质量的增加而减小；马铃薯温度分别为5、15、23 ℃时与65Mn钢杆碰撞产生损伤的初始高度分别为50、80和250 mm，对应的碰撞速度和加速度峰值分别为0.99、1.253、2.506 m/s和434.154、674.437、1 249.794 m/s2；马铃薯温度为15 ℃时与65Mn-塑料和65Mn-橡胶碰撞产生损伤的临界高度分别为320和280 mm，对应的碰撞速度和加速度峰值分别为2.506、2.344 m/s和1 589.528、1 409.697 m/s2。 |
| 关键词: 马铃薯 损伤体积 碰撞加速度 损伤临界值 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.01.18 |
| 投稿时间：2019-04-16 |
| 基金项目:内蒙古农业大学高层次人才引进科研启动项目(NDYB2017-33)；内蒙古自治区科技创新引导奖励基金项目(20121310)；内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2014MS0541,2016MS0519) |
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| Collision damage test and acceleration characteristic analysis of potato |
|
XIE Shengshi,WANG Chunguang,DENG Weigang
|
| (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to tackle the problem of high damage rate during harvesting, fresh potato was taken as the research object, and the damage volume of potatoes was analyzed by orthogonal experiment with the help of potato impact test-rig. The impact process was then analyzed based on the curve of potato collision acceleration. The initial height and potato mass were selected as experimental factors to investigate the variation of peak collision acceleration with each factor level. Finally, the critical value of impact damage of potato was tested. The results showed that the descending order of the significance of factors on damage volume was the initial height, potato mass, potato temperature and impact materials. The collision between potato and rod experienced four stages: viscoelastic compression, elastic-plastic compression, elastic recovery, and separation from rod. The peak acceleration increased with the increase of initial height and declined with the increment of potato mass. When the temperature of potato was 5, 15 and 23 ℃, the damage thresholds caused by potato conflict with 65Mn steel were 0. 99, 1. 253, 2. 506 m/s and 434. 154, 674. 437, 1 249. 794 m/s2, respectively. The damage thresholds caused by potato conflict with 65Mn-plastic and 65Mn-rubber at 15 ℃ were 2. 506, 2. 344 m/s and 1 589. 528, 1 409. 697 m/s2, respectively. |
| Key words: potato damage volume collision acceleration damage threshold |
