| 摘要: |
| 针对如何更加科学合理地评价转基因生物食用安全的问题，采用比较研究的方法对国际组织及我国对转基因生物的食用安全评价框架进行对比，结果表明：1）目前全球对转基因生物的食用安全评价主要包括新表达物质毒理学评价、致敏性评价、营养成分分析、全食品安全性评价、食品加工对食用安全的影响、抗生素抗性评价；2）虽然目前全球基本形成了对转基因生物食用安全评价的原则和技术体系框架，但由于新型生物技术产品的出现，转基因生物食用安全评价的具体过程存在争议；3）转基因生物食用安全评价体系需要在营养学检测方面构建作物营养数据库，在毒理学检测方面构建毒蛋白数据库，在致敏性检测方面建立体外细胞评价模型，在非期望效应方面构建非期望效应评价模型。综上，面对新型生物技术产品，需要继续发展、完善已经建立的转基因生物食用安全评价原则和技术体系，以更好地保障人类健康。 |
| 关键词: 转基因生物 食用安全 营养 毒理 致敏性 非期望效应 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.07.09 |
| 投稿时间：2018-11-04 |
| 基金项目:国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项（2016ZX08011-005） |
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| Food safety assessment technology system of genetically modified organisms and its development trend |
|
QI Xiaozhe1, HE Xiaoyun2,3, HUANG Kunlun2,3
|
| (1.Standards and Quality Center of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China;2.College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;3.Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organisms(Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In view of how to more scientifically assess the food safety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs),a comparative study method is used to compare the food safety assessment framework for GMOs in international organizations and China.The results show that:1) The current food safety assessment of GMOs in the global is mainly including toxicological assessment of new expressed substances,allergenicity assessment,nutrient assessment,safety assessment for the whole food,food processing impact on food safety and antibiotic resistance assessment;2) Although principles and technical system frameworks for food safety assessment of GMOs in the global was basically formed,the details of food safety assessment of GMOs is controversial due to new biotechnology products coming out;3) GMO food safety assessment system needs to build a crop nutrition database in nutrition assessment,construct a toxic protein database in toxicology assessment,establish an in vitro assessment model for allergenicity assessment,and construct an unexpected effect assessment model.In summary,facing new biotechnology products,continuing to develop and improve the established principles and technical systems for food safety assessment of GMOs to better protect human health is necessary. |
| Key words: genetically modified organisms food safety nutrition toxicology allergenicity unexpected effects |
