| 摘要: |
| 我国2004年出台的农机购置补贴是一项重要的支农政策。为对购机补贴政策做出系统性评价，从政策背景、目标和手段着手，对购机补贴及其效果的相关研究进行了总结评述，剖析政策的经济学基础，讨论WTO框架下的政策属性及其与关联性政策的协调性，重点关注政策的实施效果与评价，结果表明：购机补贴政策具有明显的多目标性，政策的实施引发了行业内外的广泛关注，政策效果是政策研究与评价的核心内容，也是争议的焦点；多数学者对购机补贴政策整体做出肯定性评价，认为补贴激发了农户购机能力，改善了农机装备结构，促进农业化水平的提升和区域均衡，缩小了农机跨区作业的操作空间，增加了农业产出和农民收入，同时带动农机工业的发展；作为一项普惠性的农业投入品补贴，购机补贴属于"黄箱"支持政策，与深松作业补贴的政策属性不同，两项政策应该分开实施。在完善农业支持保护制度的背景下，继续实施购机补贴政策应注重发挥补贴对农机使用效率的提升作用，同时防范政策目标之间的潜在冲突。 |
| 关键词: 农机购置补贴 支农政策 农机装备结构 农业机械化 综述 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.10.20 |
| 投稿时间：2017-11-20 |
| 基金项目:农业部农业法制建设与政策调研项目（121721301122441201）；农业行业管理业务经费项目（121721301124031203） |
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| A research review on agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy |
|
PAN Biao, TIAN Zhihong
|
| (College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| China's agricultural machinery purchase subsidy introduced in 2004 is an important financial agriculture supporting policy. In order to make a systematic evaluation of the policy, from the points of background, target and means of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, the article summarizes and reviews researches on the policy and its effect, and focuses on the property of the policy under WTO framework and the related mechanization policy. The results show that:The subsidy policy is multi-objective, and its implementation has attracted wide attention. It is the core content of policy research and the focus of controversy. Most scholars make a positive assessment of the policy and think the subsidy has stimulated the farmers' purchasing demand, changed the structure of agricultural machinery equipment; promoted the level of agricultural mechanization and regional balance. It is conducive to increasing agricultural output and farmers' income, promoting the development of agricultural machinery industry and the upgrading of agricultural machinery products. The machinery purchase subsidy belongs to yellow box policy. It is different with subsoiling operation subsidy and should be implemented separately. Under the background of improving the system of agricultural support and protection, attentions should be paid to the effect of subsidies on the using efficiency of agricultural machinery and preventing potential conflicts between policy objectives to continue to implement the subsidy policy. |
| Key words: agricultural machinery purchase subsidy agricultural supporting policy agricultural equipment structure agricultural mechanization research review |
