| 摘要: |
| 目前渠道分水口分流规律的研究侧重于分水口两侧渠底高程一致的情况，但在实际工程中多为侧渠道渠底高程高于主渠道渠底，针对这一实际问题，对矩形渠道直口渠分水口进行分流规律试验，测量分水口处的水深，获得分水口处的水面线，分析不同分流比下，水面变化和分流比与相对堰上水头、主渠上下游傅汝德数的关系及流向角与分流比的关系。结果表明：不同来流量下，分水口附近的的水面线变化规律基本一致，都为壅水曲线；同一流量下，分流比随相对堰上水头的增大而增大，随主渠道分水口上下游傅汝德数的增大而减小；同一流量下，流向角随分流比的增大而增大，增加趋势逐渐变缓，最大流向角均趋近于60°。 |
| 关键词: 直口渠 分水口 分流比 流向角 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.09.14 |
| 投稿时间：2017-11-28 |
| 基金项目:“十三五”国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0400200）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503125） |
|
| Water-division rules and the influencing factors of rectangular channel |
|
LIU Haiqiang, WANG Wen'e, HU Xiaotao, XUE Cheng
|
| (College of Water Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| At present, the research of diversion is focused on the height consistency of the two sides of the diversion. Actually, most of the side canal bottom elevation is higher than the main canal bottom. Aiming to solve this problem, experiments are conducted. The water depth near the diversion is measured, the diversion's water line is obtained, the different split ratio under the changing of water surface, the relation between the diversion and the Frouder number of the main channel's upstream and downstream the weir head are analyzed. The results show that:Under different discharges, the variation of the water line on the diversion is basically the same for backwater curve; Under the same flow, the split ratio increases with the increasing of the relative weir head, and decreases with increasing the of Frouder number of the main canal's upstream and downstream; Under the same flow, the flow angle increases with the split ratio increases, the increasing trend gradually slows down. The biggest flow angle is close to 60 degree. |
| Key words: direct export channel dividing opening flow ratio flow angle |
