基于EDEM仿真的有机肥深施机变量施肥控制系统

Variable fertilization control system based on EDEM simulation for organic fertilizer deep application machine

关键词:  有机肥  变量深施肥  转盘式变量排肥机构  EDEM仿真  单片机

Key words:  variable-rate fertilization  control system  EDEM simulation  microcontroller

摘要:

为应对林果园果树不同生长阶段对有机肥的需求量不同，本文设计了有机肥变量深施机，其转盘式变量排肥机构主要包括舵机、转盘等。在对有机肥的物理特性（容重、休止角、松散度等）进行测定的基础上，采用离散元仿真软件EDEM对排肥口挡板旋转角度与排肥流量进行仿真，通过线性拟合仿真结果，得到两者之间成一次线性关系。结合机器行进速度、不同地块的肥料需求、排肥机构旋转角度与排肥流量等因素，设计了有机肥深施机变量施肥控制系统，主要包括测速模块、主程序模块（速度、施肥量、脉冲转换模块）、中断模块和液晶显示模块。室内排肥试验结果表明，在每公顷施肥分别为7532.46 kg/hm2、11042.28 kg/hm2和9836.82 kg/hm2时，得到排肥变异系数Cv分别为1.1%、1.3%和1.9%，排肥一致性良好；田间试验结果表明排肥均匀，无断流现象，达到设计要求。

Abstract:

To deal with the different requirements of organic fertilizer in different growth stages of fruit orchards, this paper designed a kind of organic fertilizer application machine. On the basis of determining the physical properties of organic fertilizer (bulk density, angle of repose and loose degree), we used the discrete element simulation software EDEM to simulate the fertilizer export baffle rotation angle and the fertilizer rate, fitted the simulation results and obtained a linear relationship between the two. With the machine running speed, different plots of fertilizer demand, fertilizer and fertilizer flow mechanism of rotation angle and other factors, we designed the organic fertilizer deep applicator variable fertilization control system, including the main program module, speed measurement module (speed, fertilization rate, pulse conversion module), interrupt module and liquid crystal display module. The results of indoor experiment showed that when the fertilization was 7532.46 kg, 11042.28 kg and 9836.82 kg per hectare, the fertilizer variation coefficient of Cv were 1.1%, 1.3% and 1.9%, the results showed good consistency. The results of field experiment showed that the fertilizer was uniform and there was no-flow phenomenon. All the results meet the design requirements.