智慧植保及其发展建议

Smart phytoprotection and suggestions for its development

关键词:  智慧植保  智慧农业  植物保护  交叉学科  发展建议

Key words:  smart phytoprotection  smart agriculture  plant protection  interdisciplinary  development proposal

摘要:

现代科学技术促进了智慧农业和相关学科的发展。物联网、移动互联、云计算、大数据、人工智能等现代信息技术推进了植保信息化，提高了植物保护的智能化水平，推动着传统植保向智慧植保发展。智慧植保是现代植保的重要发展方向和重要体现，具有智能化、高精确性、高效率、可持续性、高安全性的特点。为了促进对智慧植保的认识，本文基于农业、科技和学科的发展，分析了智慧植保产生的必然性和必要性，分别从概念、理论框架、应用场所、关键技术等方面对智慧植保进行了阐述，提出智慧植保主要具有智能监测、智能预测预警、智能决策、智能溯源、智能管理、智能服务等功能，简要介绍了智慧植保的研究进展和相关技术的应用，并从重视智慧植保的发展潜力、智慧植保体系建设、学科建设、人才培养、产学研协同合作、技术研发、标准化建设、学术交流、技术培训、农村基础设施和示范园区建设等方面提出了发展智慧植保的建议，可为智慧植保的良性发展提供一些参考。

Abstract:

Modern science and technology has promoted the development of smart agriculture and related disciplines. Modern information technologies such as Internet of Things, mobile communications, cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence have promoted plant protection informationization, improved the intellectualization level of plant protection, and accelerated the development of traditional plant protection to smart phytoprotection. Having the characteristics of intelligence, high precision, high efficiency, sustainability, and high safety, smart phytoprotection is an important development direction and embodiment of modern plant protection, and it is a multidisciplinary emerging discipline or research field. To promote the understanding and development of smart phytoprotection, viewpoints on it were put forward in this paper based on the development of agriculture, science and technology, and disciplines. The necessity and inevitability of the emergence of smart phytoprotection were analyzed. From some aspects including concept, theoretical framework, application places, and supported key technologies, smart phytoprotection is described in details. Further more, five main functions of smart phytoprotection, including intelligent monitoring, intelligent prediction and early warning, intelligent decision-making, intelligent traceability, intelligent management, and intelligent service, are presented in this study. The research progresses of smart phytoprotection and the application of related technologies are introduced. Finally, development proposals of smart phytoprotection are put forward from the aspects of paying attention to development potential of smart phytoprotection, construction of smart phytoprotection system, discipline construction, personnel cultivation, industry-university-research cooperation, technology research and development, construction of standardization, academic communications, technical training, and construction of rural infrastructure and demonstration gardens. All of these can provide some references for the benign development of smart phytoprotection.