山东省土地利用变化的生态系统服务交叉敏感性评价

Cross-sensitivity evaluation of ecosystem services based on land use changes in Shandong Province

关键词:  土地利用转型  生态服务价值  敏感性分析  交叉敏感性  山东省

Key words:  land use transition  ecosystem service value  cross-sensitivity analysis  ecological service function  Shandong Province

摘要:

为解决土地利用变化所引起的生态环境质量下降问题，基于山东省2009年、2015年和2020年3期土地利用变更调查数据，采用改进的交叉敏感性系数，系统分析土地利用变化的生态系统服务交叉敏感性。结果表明:1)2009—2020年，山东省土地利用变化明显，尤其是农田、森林和建设用地之间的转换；2)山东省生态服务价值先小幅下降，后大幅度升高，生态环境呈良好发展趋势，但生态服务价值的空间分布区域差异较大；3)山东省土地利用变化的生态系统服务交叉敏感性受城镇扩张和退耕还林、还湿等相关政策的影响较大，2009—2015年，水域、森林、农田向建设用地的转换均较为敏感；2015—2020年，农田向森林和水域转换较为敏感。山东省应统筹考虑城乡发展、生态保护和粮食安全，结合“碳达峰、碳中和”目标，制定符合实际的土地利用政策措施，构建生态安全格局，优化国土空间。

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of ecological degradation caused by land use transition, a systemic analysis on the ecological cross-sensitivity of land use transformation was conducted in this study based on three phases of land use change survey data in Shandong Province in 2009, 2015 and 2020. An improved cross-sensitivity coefficients analysis was conducted. The results show that: 1)During 2009-2020, the land use transition in Shandong Province is obvious, especially the transition between farmland, forest and construction land; 2)The total value of ecological services in Shandong Province displays a trend of a slight decrease at first and a significant increase later; 3)The ecosystem services cross-sensitivity caused by land use changes in Shandong Province is greatly affected by urban expansion and the policies of returning farmland to forest and humidity. From 2009 to 2015, the transformations of watershed, forest and farmland to construction land are all more sensitive; From 2015 to 2020, the transformations of farmland to forest and water are more sensitive Therefore, Shandong Province should consider urban and rural development, ecological protection and food security in an overall way, formulate land use policies and measures in line with the goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutral”, construct ecological security pattern and optimize territorial space.