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| 施钾对甘薯贮藏期腐烂率及碳水化合物变化的影响 |
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陈匡稷1,2,宋建忠3,林力卓1,2,崔鹏1,2,吕尊富1,2,潘牧4,陆国权1,2*
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1.浙江农林大学 现代农学院/浙江省农产品品质改良重点实验室, 杭州 311300;2.浙江农林大学 薯类作物研究所, 杭州 311300;3.浙江省衢江区莲花镇农技站, 浙江 衢江 324000;4.贵州省生物技术研究所, 贵阳 550006
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究甘薯最宜施钾浓度以期延长甘薯贮藏和保持较好的营养品质，以‘商薯19’和‘心香’2个品种为材料，设置0 kg/hm2(K0)、75 kg/hm2(K1)、150 kg/hm2(K2)、225 kg/hm2(K3)和300 kg/hm2(K4)5个钾肥(K2O)浓度在扦插及扦插30 d后施用。甘薯块根收获、愈伤后贮藏于14 ℃、相对湿度为85%的环境中，测定贮藏0、15、30、60和90 d的腐烂率、营养品质以及淀粉酶活性。结果表明:K2处理的‘商薯19’和K3处理的‘心香’耐贮性较好，腐烂率最低，分别为18.25%和23.00%；‘商薯19’和‘心香’在贮藏期内二者淀粉含量总体呈先下降后上升的趋势，可溶性糖含量总体呈先上升后下降的趋势。其中，K2处理的‘商薯19’淀粉含量最高，为82.05%。K3处理的‘心香’果糖和葡萄糖含量显著高于其他处理。因此，在甘薯生长过程中，施用150 kg/hm2浓度的钾肥(K2O)能有效降低其在贮藏期内的腐烂率，保持较好的营养品质。 |
| 关键词: 甘薯 钾肥 贮藏 碳水化合物 淀粉酶 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.06.09 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-10-B21)；浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C02057)；贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果［2020］1Y023) |
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| Effect of potassium application on the decay rate and carbohydrate of sweetpotato during storage |
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CHEN Kuangji1,2,SONG Jianzhong3,LIN Lizhuo1,2,CUI Peng1,2,LV Zunfu1,2,PAN Mu4,LU Guoquan1,2*
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1.College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products ofZhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;2.Institute of Root & Tuber Crops, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;3.Lianhua Town Agricultural Technical Station of Qujiang District, Qujiang 324000, China;4.Guizhou Biotechnology Institute, Guiyang 550006, China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the effects of potassium application on root rot rate and carbohydrate content of sweet potato during storage, sweet potato varieties ‘Shangshu19' and ‘Xinxiang' were taken as study materials. Five potassium rates(0, 75, 150, 225, 300 kg/hm2, named as K0, K1, K2, K3 and K4, respectively)were applied at cutting day and 30 days after cutting. The rot rate, nutritional quality and amylase activity of sweet potato roots were measured at 14 ℃ and 85% relative humidity for 0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after storage. The results showed that: ‘Shangshu19' of K2 treatment and ‘Xinxiang' of K3 treatment displayed better storability performances at 18. 25% and 23%. During the storage, the starch contents of ‘ShangShu19' and ‘Xinxiang' decreased firstly and increased afterwards, while the soluble sugar content firstly increased and then decreased. Among them, the starch content of ‘ShangShu19' of K2 treatment was the highest at 82. 05%. The fructose and glucose content of ‘Xinxiang' of K3 treatment was significantly higher than those in other treatments. Therefore, application of potassium fertilizer(K2O)at the concentration of 150 kg/hm2 can effectively reduce the rot rate of sweetpotato during storage and maintain good nutritional quality. |
| Key words: sweetpotato potassium fertilizer storage carbohydrate amylase |
