甜柿杂交F1代重要性状及果实表型多样性

Important characters and fruit phenotypic diversity of F1 progeny of non-astringent persimmon

关键词:  甜柿  F₁代  性别  甜涩  果实表型多样性

Key words:  non-astringent persimmon  F₁ progeny  gender type  fruit astringency type  fruit phenotypic diversity

摘要:

为探索甜柿重要性状及果实表型的遗传变异规律，以170个‘富有’ב赤柿’杂交F₁代单株为材料，通过性状调查与测定，分析性别、果实甜涩类型及表型多样性，并运用Pearson相关性分析和聚类分析等统计学方法，分析各表型指标之间的相关性及各单株之间的相似性。结果表明:1)杂交F₁子代群体中，雌株、雄株与雌雄同株的分离比例接近4∶1∶2.5，完全涩柿(PCA)、不完全涩柿(PVA)与不完全甜柿(PVNA)的分离比例约为4∶1∶2.7；2)148个单株的果实样本中，5个表型数量性状的变异系数为12.36%~34.64%，其中单果重量的变异系数最大，果实表型多样性较高；3)果实形状的Shannon-weinner多样性指数为1.746，遗传多样性最丰富；4)单果重、果实纵径和果实横径的中亲优势值<0，杂种优势在F₁代群体中呈现下降趋势。综上，甜柿杂交F₁代雌雄性别类型和甜涩类型较丰富，果实表型的多样性较高，本研究为甜柿遗传变异规律的研究和遗传改良提供了理论和物质基础。

Abstract:

In order to explore the genetic variations of important traits and fruit phenotypes of non-astringent persimmon, 170 individual F₁ hybrids of ‘Fuyu'בAkagaki' were used as materials. The diversity of gender type, fruit astringency type and phenotype were investigated through trait investigation and determination. The correlation among phenotypic indexes and the similarity among individual plants were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that: 1)In the hybrid F₁ progeny population, the separation ratio of female plants, male plants and monoecious plants was close to 4∶1∶2. 5, and the separation ratio of PCA persimmons, PVA persimmons and PVNA persimmons was about 4∶1∶2. 7. 2)Among 148 fruit samples, the variation coefficients of 5 phenotypic quantitative traits ranged from 12. 36% to 34. 64%, which indicated the phenotypic diversity of fruit was high. The variation coefficient of single fruit weight was the largest. 3)The Shannon-Weinner diversity index of fruit shape was 1. 746, with the most abundant genetic diversity. 4)The mid-parent heterosis values of single fruit weight, fruit longitudinal diameter, and fruit transverse diameter were less than 0, indicating that heterosis was decreasing in F₁ generation population. The diversity of gender types, fruit astringency types and fruit phenotypes in the F₁ generation were relatively high. The study on the genetic variation of non-astringent persimmon provided a theoretical and material basis for the genetic improvement of PCNA persimmon.