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农村空心化对农业技术进步的影响——劳动节约型还是土地节约型
张园,陈玉萍 丁士军
中南财经政法大学 工商管理学院, 武汉 430073
摘要:
为研究农村空心化对农业技术进步的影响,基于湖北省66个县1997—2017年的面板数据,通过广义最小二乘法以及分位数回归分析了农村空心化对农业技术进步的影响方向及趋势。结果表明:1)农村空心化导致了劳动节约型技术的发展,空心化程度在0.1左右时,农业技术选择偏向系数接近1,劳动节约型技术和土地节约型技术均采用。随着农村空心化程度不断加深,农业技术进步倾向为劳动节约型技术,但当比重超过50%后,对农业技术进步的影响不显著;2)不同地形条件下,农村空心化对农业技术进步的影响不同,山区更倾向于采用劳动节约型技术,丘陵地区倾向于采用土地节约型技术,但平原的回归结果具有不稳健性;3)户均播种面积越大、单位耕地面积劳动力越多、距离中心市场越远,越有利于促进劳动节约型技术的发展。人均纯收入高的地区有利于土地节约型技术的创新。基于此提出了相关政策建议。
关键词:  农村空心化  农业技术进步  劳动节约型  土地节约型
DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.10.23
分类号:
基金项目:教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(18YJA790013);中南财经政法大学硕士研究生实践创新项目(202010838)
Impacts of rural hollowing on technological advance: Labor-saving technology or land-saving technology
ZHANG Yuan,CHEN Yuping,DING Shijun
School of Business Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
Abstract:
In order to study the impact of rural hollowing on agricultural technology progress, this study takes the panel data of 66 counties in Hubei Province from 1997 to 2017 as study object to analyze the impact direction and trend of rural hollowing on agricultural technology progress by using generalized least square method and quantile regression. The results show that: 1)The rural hollowing leads to the development of labor-saving technologies. When the degree of hollowing is about 0. 1, the preference coefficient of agricultural technology selection is close to 1, and both labor-saving technologies and land-saving technologies are adopted. With the deepening of rural hollowing, the progress of agricultural technology tends to be labor-saving technology, but when the proportion exceeds 50%, the impact on agricultural technology progress is not significant; 2)Under different terrain conditions, the rural hollowing has different impacts on agricultural technology progress. Mountainous areas are more inclined to adopt labor-saving technologies whereas hilly areas tend to adopt land-saving technologies, but the regression results of plains are not robust; 3)The larger the average sown area per household is, the more labor per unit area of arable land is and the further away from the central market is, and the more favorable it is to promote the development of labor-saving technologies. Regions with higher net income per capita are conducive to innovation in land-saving technologies. Based on this, some relevant policy suggestions are put forward.
Key words:  rural hollowing  agricultural technology progress  labor-saving technology  land-saving technology
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