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西葫芦种子结构与发芽的关系以及提高种子质量的处理技术
王德欣1,吴萍1,3*,季延海1,钟启文2,宋顺华1,张海军1,3,刘明池1,2,李海真1,3
1.北京市农林科学院 蔬菜研究中心/农业部华北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室/农业部都市农业(北方)重点实验室/蔬菜种质改良北京市重点实验室, 北京 100097;2.青海大学 农林科学院, 西宁 810016;3.京研益农(北京)种业科技有限公司, 北京 100097
摘要:
种子质量是西葫芦稳产和高产的重要基础,建立适宜的种子综合处理技术是提高西葫芦种子质量的有效途径。本研究应用软X-射线成像技术分析了西葫芦种子结构,应用比重选和引发处理对种子萌发特性的影响进行了研究。结果表明:软X-射线成像法能够从种子形态上区分正常种子、畸形种子和死种子,正确识别率分别为98.2%、27.3%和65.9%,全部种子的正确识别率为86.0%;比重选可以将西葫芦种子发芽率由83%提高到90%,引发处理能提高种子萌发速度和整齐度,发芽势由75%提高到90%,以处理7天为最佳条件;比重选后再进行7 d引发处理的种子不仅出苗率显著提高,与种苗生长相关的多个生理指标也得到改善。综上,软X-射线成像法可用于区分西葫芦种子类别,比重选和种子引发处理技术能够提高西葫芦种子质量,该技术可在种子企业中进行产业化推广应用。
关键词:  西葫芦  种子  软X-射线  形态  比重选  引发
DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2021.10.09
分类号:
基金项目:国家重点研发项目(2018YFD0100905);北京市农林科学院青年基金项目(QNJJ201915);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20200113);国家自然科学基金项目(31902022)
Relationship between seed structure and germination and the seed treatment technology to improve seed quality in zucchini(Cucurbita pepo L.)
WANG Dexin1,WU Ping1,3*,JI Yanhai1,ZHONG Qiwen2,SONG Shunhua1,ZHANG Haijun1,3,LIU Mingchi1,2,LI Haizhen1,3
1.Beijing Vegetable Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China)ofMinistry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North)of Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing key Laboratory of VegetableGermplasm Improvement, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;2.Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;3.Jingyan Yinong(Beijing)Seed Sci-Tech Co., Ltd., Beijing 100097, China
Abstract:
Seed quality is an important foundation for the stable and high yield of zucchini(Cucurbita pepo L. ). It is an effective way to improve the seed quality of zucchini by establishing appropriate comprehensive seed treatment technology. In this study, soft X-ray imaging technology was used to analyze the structure of zucchini seeds, and the effects of specific gravity selection and priming treatment on the germination characteristics of seeds were studied. The results show that the normal, abnormal and dead seeds could be distinguished based on the morphology of seeds by soft X-ray imaging which reached correct recognition rate of 98. 2%, 27. 3% and 65. 9%, respectively, and the correct recognition rate of all seeds was 86. 0%; Grain separation by specific gravity improved the germination rate of zucchini seeds from 83% to 90%. Seed priming treatment improved seed germination speed and uniformity, and the germination potential was increased from 75% to 90% and 7 days treatment had the best effect; After the specific gravity selection and seed priming treatment for 7 days, not only the emergence rate of seeds was significantly increased, but also several physiological indicators related to seedling growth were improved. In summary, the soft X-ray imaging technology can be used to distinguish the types of zucchini seeds, and the specific gravity selection and seed priming technology can be used to improve the seed quality of zucchini. These technologies can be used for the industrialization application in seed companies.
Key words:  zucchini  seed  soft X-ray  morphology  specific gravity selection  priming
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