咖啡短体线虫不同种群对番茄的寄生性和致病性

Parasitism and pathogenicity of five populations of Pratylenchus coffeae to Solanum lycopersicum

关键词:  咖啡短体线虫  番茄  寄生性  致病性  贝尔曼漏斗法

Key words:  Pratylenchus coffeae  tomato  parasitism  pathogenicity  Baermann funnel method

摘要:

为了明确咖啡短体线虫对番茄植株的寄生性和致病性，利用温室盆栽接种和贝尔曼漏斗分离接种植株根际线虫的研究方法，测定了供试咖啡短体线虫5个不同地理种群对番茄的寄生性和致病性以及不同种群之间的致病力差异。结果表明:1)接种75 d后供试咖啡短体线虫5个不同种群均能侵染番茄根系，并且在番茄根际的繁殖率(Rf)>1，番茄是供试咖啡短体线虫5个不同种群的适合寄主；2)接种的番茄植株普遍长势弱，叶片黄化，根系减少，根部出现褐色病斑甚至坏死腐烂，线虫危害症状明显；3)接种番茄植株的株高、地上部鲜重和根鲜重等生长参数显著<未接虫的对照组(CK)，供试咖啡短体线虫5个不同种群对番茄均具有较强的致病性；4)寄主或地理来源不同的咖啡短体线虫不同种群之间的致病力存在差异，来自河南玉米的HN-K1种群的致病力最强，来自安徽小麦的AH-015A2种群的致病力最弱。综上所述，供试咖啡短体线虫5个不同种群对番茄均具有寄生性和致病性，但不同种群之间的致病力存在明显差异。本研究为番茄根腐线虫病害的识别与防控提供了一定的科学依据。

Abstract:

In order to understand the parasitism and pathogenicity of Pratylenchus coffeae to tomato plants, the parasitism and pathogenicity of five different geographical populations of P. coffeae to tomato and the difference of pathogenicity among different nematode populations were tested via pot experiment in green house. Tomato rhizosphere nematodes were isolated using a modified Baermann funnel method. The results showed as follows: 1)Seventy five days post inoculation, all the five different populations of P. coffeae could infect tomato roots, and the reproductive factors(Rf)in tomato rhizosphere were greater than 1, indicating that tomato was a suitable host plant for the tested five different nematode populations. 2)After inoculation with P. coffeae, the plants were growing poorly and had chlorotic leaves, and the tomato roots showed distinct brown spots and heavily rot. 3)The three growth parameters of tomato plants inoculated with P. coffeae were significantly lower than that of the healthy control groups(CK). 4)The tested five nematode populations of P. coffeae have strong pathogenicity to tomato. However, the pathogenicity differed among five P. coffeae populations from different hosts. The population of HN-K1 from corn in Henan Province had the most pathogenic to tomato and the population of AH-015A2 from wheat in Anhui Province had the least pathogenic to tomato. In conclusion, the five different geographical populations of P. coffeae were parasitic and pathogenic to tomato, but there were significant differences in pathogenicity among different populations.