基于SD-GGE双标图进行饲草燕麦品种归类和区域划分

Variety classification and region division of forage oat varieties based on SD-GGE Biplot

关键词:  饲草燕麦  GGE双标图  品种归类  品种区域划分

Key words:  forage oats  SD-GGE biplot  classification of varieties  division of varieties

摘要:

为明确饲草燕麦品种在不同区域的丰产性及适应性，2017—2019年进行全国饲草燕麦鉴定试验，包括国内外饲草品种20个，分布在全国22个燕麦主产区的试点，采用标准差校正的(standard deviation of means，SD)GGE双标图(SD-GGE)分析。结果显示:参试品种可分为4类，分别为籽粒高产、饲草高产和生育日数较长且株高较高的品种，其余与上述性状相关性差的品种聚为一类。穗铃数和穗粒数与饲草产量均极显著正相关，千粒重与籽粒产量极显著正相关。G1(‘坝莜3号’)和G3(‘坝燕6号’)为鲜草高产稳产品种，G11(‘陇燕3号’)和G16(‘草莜1号’)为干草高产稳产品种。试点E13(四川省凉山彝族自治州盐源县)和E21(新疆维吾尔自治区昌吉州奇台县)代表性较好。以生产鲜草为目的，试点E1(吉林省白城市)和E20(黑龙江省哈尔滨市)最适宜种植品种为G2(‘坝莜18号’)；E17(内蒙古自治区赤峰市)和E18(河北省承德市)最适宜种植品种为G14(‘青引2号’)；E3(河北省张家口市张北县)、E6(内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市察右前旗)、E9(山西省忻州市岢岚县)和E10(青海省海东市)最适宜品种为G11；其余试点最适宜品种均为G3。以生产干草为目的，E4(内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市武川县)最适宜品种为G10(‘GL381’)；E3、E6、E9、E10和E20最适宜种植品种为G8(‘远杂1号’)；E18、E14(江苏省泰州市)和E15(西藏自治区山南市)最适宜种植品种为G9(‘张燕4号’)；E1、E2(河北省张家口市崇礼区)、E13、E21和E22(青海省海北藏族自治州海晏县)最适宜品种为G16；E5(内蒙古自治区兴安盟乌兰浩特市)、E8(山西省怀仁市)和E19(内蒙古自治区通辽市)没有最适宜品种，相对表现较好的品种为G8、G12(‘定燕2号’)和G16。明确20个品种在各个区域的丰产性和适应性，为品种的推广提供依据。

Abstract:

In order to define the high yield performance and adaptability of forage oat varieties in different regions, the experiment was conducted to identify and GGE-biplot was used to analyze 20 forage oats from home and abroad and 22 tests site in the main forage oat production areas of all the country from 2017 to 2019. The results showed that: These varieties were divided into four categories: high-yield varieties, high-yielding forage varieties, varieties with longer growing days and higher plant height, and varieties with poor correlation with the above traits. The correlation between the number of spikes per ear and the yield of forage grass is closer, and the correlation between 1 000-grain weight and the yield of grain is relatively closer. G1(‘Bayou 3')and G3(‘Bayan 6')are high-yield and stable product varieties of fresh grass, G11(‘Longyan 3')and G16(‘Caoyou 1')are high-yield for hay and stable. E13(Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province)and E21(Qitai County, Changji Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region)are well represented tests. For the purpose of producing fresh grasses, the most suitable varieties for E1(Baicheng, Jilin Province)and E20(Harbin, Heilongjiang Province)is G2(‘Bayou 18'); the most suitable varieties for E17(Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region)and E18(Chengde City, Hebei Province)is G14(‘Qingyin 2'); E3(Zhangbei County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province), E6(Chayouqian County, Ulanqab City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region), E9(Kelan County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province)and E10(Haidong City, Qinghai Province), where the most suitable variety is G11; most suitable varieties is G3 for the other tests. For the purpose of hay production, the most suitable variety for E4(Wuchuan County, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia)is G10(‘GL381'); E3, E6, E9, E10 and E20, where the most suitable variety is G8(‘Yuanza 1'); E18, E14(Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province)and E15(Shannan City, Tibet Autonomous Region), where the most suitable variety is G9(‘Zhangyan 4'); E1, E2(Zhangjiakou City, Chongli district, Hebei Province), E13, E21, E22(Haiyan County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province), the most suitable variety is G16; E5(Ulanhot, Xingan League, Inner Mongolia), E8(Huairen City, Shanxi Province)and E19(Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia)do not have the most suitable varieties, and the better varieties are G16, G12(‘Dingyan 2')and G8. This study defined the high yield and adaptability of different 20 varieties in various regions, and provided the basis for the popularization and application of these varieties.