功能价值视角下农民宅基地自愿有偿退出补偿标准测算方法

Calculation method of compensation criteria for farmers' voluntary withdrawal from homestead under the perspective of functional value

关键词:  宅基地功能  宅基地退出  补偿标准  测算方法

Key words:  homestead function  homestead withdrawal  compensation criteria  calculation method

摘要:

为探讨农民宅基地自愿有偿退出补偿标准的测算方法，采用宅基地功能价值理论，从宅基地4大功能维度构建农民宅基地自愿有偿退出补偿价值体系，建立农民宅基地自愿有偿退出补偿标准测算模型，并以全国10 省20 个村庄1 242 个农户的问卷调研数据为依据，实证分析不同类型村庄农民对宅基地功能需求的差异，将宅基地功能需求率作为修正系数引入宅基地退出补偿标准测算模型，实证测算集聚提升类村庄江苏省镇江市句容市后白镇西冯村农民宅基地自愿有偿退出补偿标准。研究发现:1)宅基地住房保障功能、生产经营功能、经济财产功能和情感传承功能的经济效用是宅基地退出补偿价值体系的重要内容；2)宅基地的住房保障价值可通过城镇居民低收入家庭廉租房补贴测算，宅基地生产经营价值可通过农户从事分散式畜禽养殖收益测算，宅基地经济财产价值可通过宅基地用途转变收益测算，情感传承价值可通过农村人均文化娱乐支出测算；3)依据功能价值论测算的农民宅基地自愿有偿退出补偿标准高于实践中农民宅基地自愿有偿退出补偿标准。因此，国家需依据功能价值论制定农民宅基地自愿有偿退出补偿指导意见，以不同类型村庄农民宅基地功能需求差异为基础，制定差异化的农民宅基地自愿有偿退出方案。

Abstract:

To explore the calculation method of compensation criteria for farmers' voluntary withdrawal from homestead(FVWH), the theory of homestead functional value is applied, and a compensation value system for FVWH from the 4 functional dimensions of homestead is established, and a calculation model of compensation criteria for FVWH is built. The empirical questionnaire survey data of 1 242 farmers from 20 villages in 10 provinces are taken as study case to analyze the differences of homestead functional demands among different types of village farmers. The demand rate of homestead function is imported into the calculation model of compensation criteria of FVWH as a correction coefficient, the study empirically measures the compensation criteria for FVWH in Xifeng Village, Houbai Town, Jurong City, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province. The results show that: 1)The economic utility of homestead's housing security value, production and operation value, economic property value, and emotional inheritance value are the significant contents of the compensation value system for FVWH; 2)The housing security value of homestead can be measured by low-rent housing subsidies for low-income urban households, and the production and operation value of homestead can be calculated by decentralized livestock and poultry's farming income. The economic property value of homestead can be measured by usage conversion benefits, and the emotional inheritance value of homestead can be calculated by per capita expenditure on cultural and entertainment in rural areas; 3)The compensation criteria for FVWH based on the theory of functional value is higher than the compensatory criteria for FVWH in practice. It is suggested that formulating compensation guidelines for FVWH should base on the theory of functional value, and developing differentiated plans for FVWH should based on the diversity of the functional requirements of farmers' homestead among various kinds of villages.