中国棉花全要素生产率的国际比较与收敛性

International comparison and convergence of total factor productivity of cotton in China

关键词:  棉花  全要素生产率  高质量发展  Dagum基尼系数  收敛性

Key words:  cotton  TFP  high quality development  Dagum Gini coefficient  convergence

摘要:

基于中国、美国、印度三国26个棉区1998—2017年的面板数据，运用非参数估计方法测算中美印三国棉花全要素生产率，采用Dagum基尼系数及其分解方法分析三国棉花全要素生产率的差异及其来源，并对棉花全要素生产率的收敛性进行研究。结果表明:1999—2017年，中国棉花全要素生产率具有明显的波动性，但总体呈负增长态势，落后于美国和印度；中国三大棉区棉花全要素生产率增长有差异，黄河流域棉区增长率最高，但仍为负增长，西北内陆棉区纯技术效率较有优势；中美印三国棉花全要素生产率变动的总体差异呈缩小趋势，但波动特征明显；国家间差异是三国各棉区棉花全要素生产率差异的主要来源；整体上来看，棉花全要素生产率增长率存在α收敛和绝对β收敛，不存在条件β收敛，但各国收敛性不尽相同。

Abstract:

Based on the panel data of 26 cotton areas in China, the United States and India from 1998 to 2017, this study uses DEA Malmquist method to measure the total factor productivity(TFP)of cotton, and then uses Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition method to analyze the differences and sources of cotton TFP in the three countries. On this basis, the convergence of cotton TFP is also analyzed. The results show that: From 1999 to 2017, China's cotton TFP of has obvious volatility, but the overall growth is negative, which lags behind the United States and India; There are differences in the growth of cotton TFP in China's three major cotton regions; The Yellow River basin has the highest growth rate, but it is still negative growth, and the northwest inland cotton region has the most advantage in pure technical efficiency; The overall difference of TFP among China, the United States and India displays a trend of narrowing, but the fluctuation characteristics are obvious; The differences between countries are the main sources of the differences in TFP of cotton regions; On the whole, there are α convergence and absolute β convergence in the growth rate of TFP, but there is no conditional β convergence, but the national differences in convergence are obvious.