微生物菌剂对夏玉米产量及农艺性状的影响

Effects of microbial agents on yield and agronomic traits of summer maize

关键词:  芽孢杆菌  类芽孢杆菌  夏玉米  产量  农艺性状

Key words:  Bacillus  Paenibacillus  summer maize  yield  agronomic trait

摘要:

为探究微生物菌剂对夏玉米产量及农艺性状的影响，以玉米品种‘先玉335’为试验材料，采用随机区组试验设计，2016—2018年连续3年接种固氮类芽孢杆菌菌剂1-18、芽孢杆菌菌剂L-56以及1-18和L-56的复合菌剂，以未接种菌剂的植株作为对照，分析不同微生物菌剂对夏玉米产量及农艺性状的影响。结果表明，2016年接种菌剂 1-18 的增产率16.06%高于接种菌剂L-56的增产率7.10%，接种1-18和L-56复合菌剂的增产率最高为18.51%；而2017年接种菌剂L-56的增产率12.19%高于接种菌剂1-18的增产率5.05%，接种1-18和L-56复合菌剂的增产率为14.53%；2018年接种菌剂L-56的增产率9.11%略高于接种菌剂1-18的增产率6.53%，接种 1-18 和L-56复合菌剂的增产率为11.75%，说明不同菌剂在不同年份处理存在差异，但接种菌剂均能提高夏玉米产量。此外，接种菌剂1-18和L-56还均能显著提高玉米穗长、穗行数、行粒数和百粒重等农艺性状。与对照相比，接种1-18和L-56这2种菌剂均能显著提高夏玉米产量并改善玉米农艺性状，其中接种1-18和L-56复合菌剂的效果要优于单独接种。

Abstract:

The effects of microbial agents on summer maize yield and agronomic traits were investigated by taking ‘Xianyu 335' as study material. The N₂-fixing Paenibacillus beijingensis 1-18, Bacillus sp. L-56 and 1-18 and L-56 compound were inoculated for three consecutive years 2016-2018. The yield and the agronomic traits of summer maize inoculated with different microbial agents were investigated and compared with un-inoculated controls. The results showed that: Compared to the control, inoculation of both microbial agents increased maize yield and improved agronomic traits. The effect of inoculation of mixed microbial agents(P. beijingensis 1-18 and Bacillus sp. L-56)was better than that of inoculation alone. In 2016, the increase rate of P. beijingensis 1-18(16. 06%)inoculation treatment was higher than that of Bacillus sp. L-56 inoculant treatment(7. 10%), and the yield of mixed inoculation treatment was increased by 18. 51%; In 2017, the yield of Bacillus sp. L-56 treatment(12. 19%)was higher than that of the P. beijingensis 1-18 treatment(5. 05%), and the yield of the mixed treatment was 14. 53% higher; In 2018, the yield of Bacillus sp. L-56(9. 11%)was slightly higher than that of P. beijingensis 1-18(6. 53%), and the yield of the mixed treatment was increased by 11. 75%. These results indicated that there were differences in the treatment of the agents in different years, but all inoculation treatments significantly increased the yield of summer maize. In addition, inoculating agents 1-18 and L-56 also significantly improved agronomic traits such as corn ear length, ear rows, per row and 100-grain weight. Compared with the control, the inoculation of 1-18 and L-56 significantly increased summer maize yield and improved agronomic traits, and the effect of combined inoculation of 1-18 and L-56 was better than inoculation alone.