中草药饲料添加剂对北京鸭生长性能、免疫指标及肉品质的影响

Effects of Chinese herbal medicine additives on the growth performance, blood immune indexes and meat quality of Pekin ducksLIU Yanhan1, GONG Xiaowei1, LI Fuhuang2, ZHANG Jianwei2, XIA Zhaofei1*

关键词:  北京鸭  中草药添加剂  屠宰性能  免疫指标  肉品质

Key words:  Pekin duck  Chinese herbal medicine additive  growth performance  carcass traits  meat quality

摘要:

本研究旨在探究中草药饲料添加剂对北京鸭生产性能、免疫指标及肉品质的影响。挑选健康、体重相近的1 日龄北京鸭共240 只，随机分为4 个组，每组6 个重复，每个重复10 只北京鸭，对照组饲喂未添加中草药的基础日粮，3个试验组在对照组日粮的基础上按照质量比分别添加0.1%(低剂量组)、0.2%(中剂量组)及0.5%(高剂量组)的复方中草药，试验周期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比，中剂量组北京鸭的平均体重、平均日增重均显著提高(P<0.05)，料重比显著降低(P<0.05)；中剂量组北京鸭的屠宰率、胸肌率及腹脂率显著提高(P<0.05)；中剂量组北京鸭血清中IgA、IgM、IgG以及补体C4的含量也显著提高(P<0.05)；且中剂量组北京鸭胸肌肉色的亮度值、剪切力和滴水损失显著降低(P<0.05)，胸肌肉色的红度值显著提高(P<0.05)。因此，在饲粮中添加0.2%的中草药，不仅能够显著提高北京鸭的生长性能、屠宰性能以及机体免疫，还能改善鸭肉品质。

Abstract:

This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine additives on the growth performance, carcass traits, blood immune indexes and meat quality of Pekin ducks. A total of 240 one-day-old Pekin ducks were randomly allocated into 4 dietary treatments, each treatment had 6 replicates and each replicate had 10 ducks. The ducks in control group were fed with a basic corn-soybean diet, the other three groups were fed with a basic corn-soybean diet with additional 0. 1%, 0. 2% and 0. 5% Chinese herbal medicine additive, respectively. At 42 d, the growth performance, carcass traits, blood immune indexes and meat quality of Pekin ducks were measured. The results showed that: Compared with the control group, the average body weight and average daily gain increased significantly(P< 0. 05)while the feed conversion ratio decreased significantly(P<0. 05)in the middle-dose experimental group; the dressing percentage, breast muscle ratio and abdominal ratio of Pekin ducks increased significantly(P<0. 05)in the middle-dose experimental group; the contents of IgA, IgM, IgG and C4 were significantly higher(P<0. 05)in the middle-dose experimental group; the L^* value, shear force and drip loss decreased significantly(P<0. 05)while the a^* value increased significantly(P<0. 05)in the middle-dose experimental group. In conclusion, the dietary compound Chinese herbal medicine supplementation could improve the growth performance, carcass traits, blood immune indexes and meat quality of Pekin ducks at 42 days of age, and the recommendation additional dose is 0. 2% in basal diet.