不同类型灵武长枣果实多糖的单糖成分差异

Analyse on monosaccharide composition difference of polysaccharides in different types of Ziziphus jujuba Mill cv. Lingwuchangzao

关键词:  枣  不同类型  多糖  单糖成分

Key words:  Ziziphus jujuba Mill cv.Lingwuchangzao  different types  polysaccharides  monosaccharide composition

摘要:

为分析大果型、枣刺退化型、早熟型和普通型4种不同类型灵武长枣完熟期果实多糖中单糖成分的差异，经水提醇沉法提取、采用DEAE-cellulose52和HW-55S分离纯化，利用GC-MS等分别对果实进行多糖的单糖成分分析研究。结果表明：1）不同类型果实粗多糖得率分别为：普通型1.795%，大果型1.504%，早熟型0.999%，枣刺退化型0.956%，粗多糖含量从高到低依次为：普通型 > 早熟型 > 大果型 > 枣刺退化型。2）不同类型果实粗多糖经DEAE-52柱层析，均得到1个中性级分（Ju-0）和3个酸性级分（Ju-1、Ju-2、Ju-3），其中Ju-2含量均为最高，表明果实多糖的主要形式为酸性多糖，但4个多糖级分的质量和得率差异显著。3）不同类型果实精制多糖含量因级分不同而差异较大，Ju-0和Ju-3级分均为普通型中最高，Ju-1级分在大果型中最高，Ju-2级分在早熟型中最高。4）不同类型果实精制多糖均以阿拉伯糖、半乳糖和鼠李糖含量较高，葡萄糖含量次之，甘露糖和木糖含量较低，均不含有果糖；NIST谱库显示，果实精制多糖中还含有核糖、岩藻糖、葡萄糖醛酸和半乳糖醛酸。因此，不同类型灵武长枣果实多糖中单糖成分相似，但其成分和含量因级分不同而差异较大。

Abstract:

In order to analyse the differences of monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides in four different types mature period fruits of the big-fruit type,the inermous type,the early maturity type,the ordinary type of Ziziphus jujuba Mill cv.Lingwuchangzao,the water extraction and alcohol precipitation method was adopted to obtain the polysaccharides,which were subsequently purified by DEAE-52 cellulose column and HW-55S gel column,finally GC-MS was used to analyses the monosaccharide composition of purifed polysaccharides in fruit.The main research results showed that:1) The obtaining ratios of crude polysaccharides of the ordinary type,the big-fruit type,the early maturity type and the inermous type fruits were 1.795%,1.504%,0.999% and 0.956%,respectively,the order of crude polysaccharides contents in different types fruit from high to low was the ordinary type,early maturity type,big-fruit type and inermous type.2) The crude polysaccharides in different types fruits were fractioned respectively to be one neutral fraction (Ju-0),and three acid fractions (Ju-1,Ju-2,Ju-3) by DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange columns,and Ju-2 had the highest contents,this indicated that the main components of polysaccharides in fruits were acid fractions,but the mass and yield of the four polysaccharide components had significant differences.3) The contents of refined polysaccharide in different types fruits were significantly different between different components,the contents of Ju-0 and Ju-3 were the highest in the ordinary type fruit,the content of Ju-1 in the big-fruit type fruit was the highest and the content of Ju-2 in the early maturity type fruit was the highest.4) The contents of arabinose,galactose and rhamnose were higher,followed by the glucose,and the contents of mannose and xylose were the lowest in the refined polysaccharides of different type fruit,and there was no fructose in polysaccharides,the refined polysaccharide in different type fruits also contained the ribose,fucose,glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid compared by NIST mass spectrometry library.In conclusion,the monosaccharide compositions of the polysaccharide were similar in four different types Ziziphus jujuba Mill cv.Lingwuchangzao fruits,but the compositions and contents were significantly different in different polysaccharides component.