稻麦联合收割机碎草机构实时监控系统的研制

Design of real-time monitoring system for grass breaking mechanism of combine harvester

关键词:  稻麦联合收割机  秸秆  数据采集  实时控制

Key words:  combine-harvester  straw  data collection  real-time control

摘要:

针对现有稻麦联合收割机秸秆切碎抛撒装置智能化水平不高，相关参数监测系统缺乏等问题，基于机电一体化控制技术，研制稻麦联合收割机秸秆切碎抛撒装置监控系统。该系统由推杆电机、霍尔传感器、扭矩传感器、位移传感器、人机交互终端以及电子控制单元（ECU）等组成，人机交互终端采用组态触摸屏，通过485总线与电子控制单元进行实时信息交互，实现转速、开度等系统参数实时采集、显示与存储，并能够根据作业要求控制推杆电机控制撒布板开度，实现秸秆半幅和全幅抛撒。实时调整抛撒效果。将此系统应用于秸秆切碎抛撒试验台，在秸秆切碎抛撒试验台上进行系统性能测试试验，结果表明：监控系统操作简单，参数测量精度达到94%以上，推杆的控制精度达到90%以上，系统具有良好的鲁棒性，能够满足稻麦机械化收获的相关要求。

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of low intelligence and lacking of monitoring system for relevant parameters in the existing straw shredding and throwing device of rice-wheat combine harvester,a monitoring system for straw shredding and throwing device of rice-wheat combine harvester is developed based on the mechatronic control technology.The system is composed of push-rod motor,hall sensor,torque sensor,displacement sensor,man-machine interaction terminal and electronic control unit (ECU) and so on.The man-machine interaction terminal uses configuration touch screen to carry out real-time information interaction with the electronic control unit through RS485 bus to realize real-time collection,display and storage of system parameters such as rotation speed and opening degree.This terminal can control push rod motor to control the opening degree of spreader plate according to operation requirements to realize half-width and full-width scattering of straw and adjust the throwing effect in real time.The system is applied to the straw chopping and throwing test bench and the performance test of the system is carried out on the straw chopping and throwing test bench.The results show that the monitoring system is simple to operate,the parameter measurement accuracy reaches more than 94%,the control accuracy of the push rod reaches more than 90%.The system also has good robustness and can meet the relevant requirements of rice and wheat mechanized harvesting.