利用产前瘤胃反刍时间预测奶牛围产期酮病风险

Predicting the risk of ketosis in transition dairy cows using prepartum rumination time

关键词:  围产期  反刍时间  酮病  风险评估

Key words:  transition period  rumination time  clinical ketosis  risk prediction

摘要:

为研究影响围产期奶牛酮病发病的影响因素及对酮病发病风险进行有效评估，选择103头荷斯坦牛（头胎44头，经产59头），收集反刍时间、活动量、体况评分、产奶量、血液β-羟丁酸（BHBA）浓度、血糖浓度等指标数据，利用BHBA判定奶牛产后亚临床和临床酮病发病状态。研究发现：在头胎牛中，亚临床酮病牛在产前3周的反刍时间显著低于健康牛，活动量高于健康牛但差异不显著，产后2~6天产奶量与健康牛无差异；在经产牛中，发病牛产前3周的反刍时间显著低于健康牛，活动量与健康牛无显著差异，产后产奶量显著高于健康牛，且产前体况评分显著高于健康牛。Logisitic回归分析显示，在头胎牛中可以使用反刍时间和活动量在产前1周进行亚临床酮病发病风险进行预测，随着反刍时间的降低和活动量的增加，亚临床酮病发病风险增加；在经产牛中可以使用体况评分和反刍时间对亚临床酮病和临床酮病的发病进行预测，随着体况评分的增加和反刍时间的降低发病风险增加。研究结果为围产期奶牛风险评估和健康管理提供了技术依据。

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to characterize the risk factors for subclinical ketosis (SCK) and clinical ketosis (CK).Various measurements including rumination time,activity,body condition score (BCS),milk yield,and the concentration of blood β -hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and glucose were collected from 103 Chinese Holstein cows (44 primiparous and 59 multiparous).SCK and CK was determined by BHBA ≥ 1.4 mmol/L and BHBA ≥ 3.0 mmol/L in a test,respectively.Results indicated that the primiparous cows with SCK showed significantly shorter rumination time (3 weeks before calving),lower milk yield (2-6 days after calving) and higher but not significantly different activity (3 weeks before calving) than healthy cows.The multiparous cows with SCK and CK showed significantly shorter rumination time,higher milk yield,higher BCS but similar activity than healthy cows.The Logisitic regression analysis showed that the SCK of primiparous cows was associated with lower rumination time and higher activity,while the SCK and CK of multiparous cows were associated with higher BCS and lower ruminant time.These findings may provide a technical basis for risk predication and health management of transition cows.