农业保险会影响农户农药施用吗？——来自4省粮农的生产证据

Dose agricultural insurance affect farmers' application of pesticides? Empirical evidence from grain farmers in 4 provinces

关键词:  农业保险  农药施用  粮农  投入行为

Key words:  agricultural insurance  pesticides application  grain farmer  input behavior

摘要:

为探究农业保险对农户农药施用行为的影响，采用2015年黑龙江、河南、浙江、四川4省1 039户粮农调研数据，以地块为研究对象，实证分析农户参保行为对农药施用的影响。结果显示：参保地块的农药施用次数显著低于未参保地块。利用工具变量（IV）及倾向得分匹配（PSM）控制内生性后结果不变。表明，参保行为抑制了农户施用农药。但就估计系数来看，参保地块农药施用次数减少约0.25~0.75次。说明我国现行的"低保障、广覆盖"粮食作物保险制度能在一定程度上抑制农药的施用，但抑制作用有限。长远看，伴随粮食保险保障水平提高，这种抑制作用可能会进一步彰显。这意味着农业保险除能实现分散农业风险的政策目标外，还对减少农药施用产生积极影响。

Abstract:

Using the survey data of 1 039 grain farmers in four provinces in China on 2015,and taking land plots as the study object,this study empirically analyzes the impact of the behavior of participation in the agricultural insurance on farmers' application of pesticides.The results show that times of pesticide application in insured plots was significantly lower than that in uninsured plots.Using instrumental variables (IV) and propensity score matching (PSM) to resolve the endogeneity,the results are robust.Specifically,the use times of pesticide of insured plots are lower about 0.25 to 0.75 times than the time of uninsured plots.This indicates that China's "Low guarantee,wide coverage" food crop insurance system has limited impact on pesticide application.In the long term,with the increase of the guarantee level of crop insurance,this disincentive may become more magnified.This means that agricultural insurance can not only achieve the policy goal of dispersing agricultural risks,but also have a positive impact on reducing pesticide application.