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秸秆降解菌株的筛选、鉴定及生物学特性研究
付丽, 朱红雨, 杜明楠, 于婷婷, 罗兰燕, 杨雪, 杨美英
吉林农业大学 生命科学院, 长春 130118
摘要:
为筛选优良秸秆降解菌株,解析不同菌株降解秸秆的生物学过程。本研究利用以秸秆为唯一碳源的筛选方法从土壤中获得3株具有秸秆降解能力的菌株yj1、yj2和yj3。根据8 d的秸秆降解率确定菌株降解秸秆的最优温度和pH,并测定和比较参与秸秆降解的内切葡聚糖酶(EG)、β-葡萄糖苷酶(BG)、木聚糖酶、木质素过氧化物酶(LiP)、锰过氧化物酶(MnP)和漆酶(Lac)的活性。结果表明:1)筛选得到的yj1、yj2和yj3菌株分别属于假单胞菌属、芽孢杆菌属和短杆菌属。2)3种菌株分别在最适温度37、30和37℃以及最适pH 8、8和7时培养8 d后,秸秆降解率达到峰值,在偏碱性条件下菌株yj2的秸秆降解率为26.61%。3)菌株yj1和yj3无木聚糖酶的活性,但LiP、MnP和Lac酶活性较高。菌株yj2的6种酶均具有较高的活性,协同完成秸秆降解。因此,菌株yj2可以作为碱性土壤条件下秸秆降解的候选菌株。
关键词:  秸秆降解菌  秸秆降解率  秸秆最适降解条件  秸秆降解酶
DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2018.12.05
分类号:
基金项目:吉林省自然科学基金(20170101160JC)
Screening, identification and biological characteristics of straw-degrading bacteria strains
FU Li, ZHU Hongyu, DU Mingnan, YU Tingting, LUO Lanyan, YANG Xue, YANG Meiying
College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
Abstract:
The aims of this study were to select better straw-decomposing bacteria strains and analyzing the biological processes of straw degradation. A total of three strains of straw-degrading bacteria, designated yj1, yj2 and yj3, were identified from soil samples. The optimal temperature and pH conditions for straw degradation were determined according to the 8-day straw degradation rate. The activities of six enzymes involved in EG, BG, xylanase, LiP, MnP, Lac were measured and compared. The results showed that:1) yj1, yj2 and yj3 strains were identified belonging to Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Brevibacterium, respectively. 2) The straw degradation efficiency of three strains reached their peak values when the three strains were respectively cultured at 37, 30 and 37℃ and the optimal pH of 8, 8 and 7 for 8 days. The straw degradation rate of yj2 reached 26.61% under alkaline conditions. 3) The yj1 and yj3 strains were found to be xylanase-free but their LiP, MnP, Lac activities were higher, which played a key role in straw degradation. All of the six enzymes in strain yj2 showed higher activity and collaboratively completed straw degradation. In conclusion, strain yj2 could be used as a candidate strain for straw degradation under alkaline soil conditions.
Key words:  straw-degrading bacteria  straw degradation rate  straw optimal degradation conditions  straw-degrading enzymes
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