| 摘要: |
| 为筛选出适宜尼泊尔北部山区种植的优异马铃薯品种（系），引进‘陇薯7号’‘陇薯10号’‘陇薯14号’‘LK99’‘L0109-4’‘云薯105’‘云薯603’‘紫云1号’‘米拉’‘青薯9号’‘艾玛1号’‘艾玛2号’等12个马铃薯品种（系），以当地主栽品种‘Rosita’为对照（CK），于2019—2021年在尼泊尔北部山区进行品种（系）比较试验，开展生育期、农艺性状、块茎性状、病害发生情况的调查，测定口感评价、产量及产量性状等指标，并利用主成分分析的方法对13个供试品种（系）的综合品质进行分析。结果表明：供试的13个马铃薯品种（系）均能成熟。所有品种（系）均未发生花叶病毒病、青枯病、早疫病，‘云薯105’‘云薯603’和‘紫云1号’晚疫病病株率最低，病情指数均为0；‘云薯105’3年平均产量为23.94 t/hm2，较CK增产72.73%，‘青薯9号’3年平均产量为21.01 t/hm2，较CK增产51.59%；‘云薯105’蒸食口感得分82.6分，质地粉或糯，气味清香，接受度高、综合评价中上；块茎营养品质主成分分析综合得分排名前4的依次为：‘艾玛1号’‘陇薯14号’‘陇薯7号’和‘云薯105’。综上，根据尼泊尔缺乏高产品种的现状，‘云薯105’可作为尼泊尔北部山区首选马铃薯推广品种，‘青薯9号’可作为高产备选推广品种，‘艾玛1号’‘陇薯14号’‘陇薯7号’可作为尼泊尔北部山区马铃薯生产中的优质备选品种。 |
| 关键词: 尼泊尔 马铃薯 产量 营养品质 主成分分析 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.08.05 |
| 投稿时间：2023-11-28 |
| 基金项目:援尼泊尔北部山区农业技术合作项目（2017400102350102） |
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| Adaptability evaluation and screening of different potato varieties (lines) in the mountainous region of northern Nepal |
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JIANG Zhibing1, Gesang dunzhu2, TAN Jianxin1*
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| (1.Institute of Agriculture， Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences， Lhasa 850032， China;2.International Cooperation and Training Center， Xizang Academy of Agricultural and;Animal Husbandry Sciences， Lhasa 850032， China) |
| Abstract: |
| To identify the optimal potato varieties （lines） suitable to be planted in the northern mountainous areas of Nepal， 12 potato varieties （lines）， ‘Longshu 7’ ‘Longshu 10’ ‘Longshu 14’ ‘LK99’ ‘L0109-4’ ‘Yunshu 105’ ‘Yunshu 603’ ‘ Ziyun 1’ ‘Mira’ ‘Qingshu 9’ ‘Emma 1’ and ‘Emma 2’ ， were introduced. ‘Rosita’， the main locally planted variety， was used as a control （CK）. Variety （line） comparison trials were conducted in the northern mountainous areas of Nepal from 2019 to 2021. The phenological period， agronomic traits， tuber traits， disease occurrence， organoleptic evaluation， yield traits， and yield performance were thoroughly studied. The comprehensive qualities of these 13 varieties （lines） were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis （PCA）. The results showed that： All 13 potato varieties （lines） tested were able to mature； All varieties （lines） did not develop mosaic virus disease， bacterial wilt and early blight. ‘Yunshu 105’ ‘Yunshu 603’ and ‘Ziyun 1’ developed the lowest ratio of plants infected late blight and with disease index of 0； The average annual yield of ‘Yunshu 105’ was 23.94 t/hm2， which is 72.73% higher than that of CK. The average annual yield of ‘Qingshu 9’ was 21.01 t/hm2， which was 51.59% higher than that of CK； The organoleptic scores of steamed ‘Yunshu 105’ was 82.6， it has aroma fragrant， high acceptance， and above moderate comprehensive evaluation； The top four comprehensive scores in the principal component analysis of tuber nutritional qualities were ‘Emma 1’‘Longshu 14’‘Longshu 7’ and ‘ Yunshu 105’. In summary， in terms of the current situation of lacking of high-yield variety in Nepal， ‘Yunshu 105’ is optimal to be promoted in the northern mountainous areas of Nepal to improve production， ‘Qingshu 9’ is suitable to be promoted as high-yield variety， ‘Emma 1’ ‘Longshu 14’ and ‘Longshu 7’ could be the alternative high-quality varieties for Nepal. |
| Key words: Nepal potatoes yield nutritional qualities principal component analysis |
