| 摘要: |
| 高质量发展背景下，深入探究特色农业多功能特征及其权衡协同关系，是促进高原山区乡村振兴，实现共同富裕的关键。以云南省129个县（市）区为研究单元，从农产品生产、生态调节、经济振兴、社会保障4个功能维度构建高原特色农业功能评价指标体系，利用Spearman法、双变量局域空间自相关等方法测度2010—2020年云南高原特色农业多功能水平及权衡与协同关系，并运用K-means聚类法划分高原特色农业多功能分区，提出相应的优化发展路径。结果表明：1）高原特色农业多功能是“全球—国家”层次多功能在小尺度区域实际情况的具体反映。各功能在时空格局上存在差异，生产功能先增强后趋于不变，生态、经济功能稳定增强，社会功能小幅度波动。生产、社会功能水平由经济核心区向外递减；生态功能强弱两极分化明显，“东北低，西南高”；经济功能显著提高，总体呈“中心高，四周低，高值区散落分布”的空间格局。2）2010—2020年各功能间权衡区数量减少，各功能区由散落分布逐渐形成集群分布。生产与生态功能逐渐向协同发展转变；生产与经济功能权衡协同关系稳定；经济分别与生态和社会功能间以权衡关系为主；社会功能与生产、生态功能权衡协同关系逐渐形成东部L-L低位协同区和西部H-H协同区两个功能区集群；3）以县（市）区为单位，将云南省划分为农业生产集中区、生态优化调节区、经济振兴先行区、城乡优化发展区4个特色农业多功能分区，并提出相应的优化发展路径。本研究可为云南省特色农业发展以及其他地区的农业经济社会发展提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 高原特色农业 农业高质量发展 农业多功能 权衡与协同 分区优化 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.07.18 |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-16 |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD06B01） |
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| Multifunctional evolution and optimization zoning of characteristic agriculture in plateau and mountainous areas under the background of high-quality development: A case study of Yunnan Province |
|
HONG Qiuchen, LI Qianmeng, FENG Xiaowen, DAI Yao, HAO Jinmin, AI Dong*
|
| (College of Land Science and Technology， China Agricultural University， Beijing 100193， China) |
| Abstract: |
| In the context of high-quality development， in-depth exploration of the multifunctional characteristics of characteristic agriculture and its collaboration/trade-off relationship is the key to promoting the rural vitalization of rural areas in plateau and mountainous areas and achieving common prosperity. The study takes 129 counties （cities） and districts in Yunnan Province as research objects， establishes an evaluation index system for plateau characteristic agriculture functions from four functional dimensions： agricultural product production， ecological regulation， economic revitalization， and social security. The Spearman method， bivariate local spatial autocorrelation， and other methods are used to measure the multi-functional level， trade-off， and collaborative relationship of Yunnan plateau characteristic agriculture from 2010 to 2020. The K-means clustering method is used to divide the multifunctional zones of plateau characteristic agriculture. Corresponding optimized development paths are proposed. The main results are as follows： 1） The multifunctional agriculture with plateau characteristics is a specific reflection of the practical situation of multifunctional agriculture at the global national level in small-scale regions. There are differences in the spatial and temporal patterns of various functions， with production function initially increasing and then tending to remain unchanged， ecological and economic functions steadily increasing， and social function fluctuating slightly. The level of production and social function decreases outward from the economic core area； The polarization of ecological function is obvious， with “low in the northeast and high in the southwest”； The economic function has significantly improved， with an overall spatial pattern of “high in the center， low in the surrounding areas， and scattered distribution of high-value areas”. 2） From 2010 to 2020， the number of trade-off zones between various functions， and each functional zone gradually formed a cluster distribution from scattered distribution. Production and ecological functions are gradually shifting towards coordinated development； Collaboration and trade-off relationship between production and economic functions is stable； The balance between economy and ecological and social functions is mainly based on mutual constraints， with each other growing and decreasing； The collaboration and trade-off relationship between social functions， production， and ecological functions have gradually formed two functional area clusters： the low level L-L collaborative area in the east and the H-H collaborative area in the west； 3） Taking counties （cities） and districts as units， Yunnan Province is divided into four characteristic agricultural multifunctional zones： agricultural production concentration zone， ecological optimization and regulation zone， economic revitalization pilot zone， and urban-rural optimization and development zone， and corresponding optimization and development paths are proposed. This study provides reference for the development of characteristic agriculture in Yunnan Province and the economic and social development of agriculture in other regions. |
| Key words: plateau characteristic agriculture high-quality development of agriculture agricultural multifunction collaboration and trade-off partition optimization |
