| 摘要: |
| 为探究西北地区玉米亲本种子活力及适应范围，以我国西北地区41份玉米杂交亲本为试材，设置加速老化（AA）、冷浸（CS）、模拟干旱（D）及盐（S）胁迫处理，以标准发芽试验为对照（CK1），测定种子7 d发芽率及幼苗生物量等指标，结合41份亲本材料在北京、新疆石河子、乌鲁木齐及甘肃酒泉4个生态区的出苗率及种子活力、生物量指标在内的29个参数做了相关性分析。结果表明：分别以20% PEG 6000（0.033 mol/L）和200 mmol/L NaCl处理模拟干旱和盐胁迫，选取80%的种子能正常发芽的处理浓度作为筛选依据，以此标准来评价亲本种子活力是可行的。供试材料中的30份亲本标准发芽率达到85%的国家标准要求；11份材料发芽率>92%，高于玉米单粒播发芽标准。冷浸处理后，35份亲本（占比85%）的发芽率与对照（CK1）无显著差异，其中4个亲本冷浸后发芽率比CK1升高1%~18%。41份亲本的种子耐老化能力普遍较差，加速老化处理的种子发芽率最高仅为44%；200 mmol/L NaCl胁迫条件下，10个亲本的发芽率被显著抑制，20% PEG 6000条件下8个亲本发芽率受到显著抑制；另有10个亲本的发芽率在模拟干旱（20% PEG 6000）和盐（200 mmol/L NaCl）胁迫下均显著升高（P≤0.05）；模拟干旱胁迫可显著诱导18份亲本幼苗根系的发育，其中12份亲本根重显著增加（P≤0.05）。不同亲本材料在4个气候区的出苗率均表现出较大的变异，且各气候区的出苗率与冷浸发芽率的相关性均达到极显著相关。 |
| 关键词: 西北地区 玉米杂交种亲本 种子综合活力 逆境 相关性分析 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.07.12 |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-08 |
| 基金项目:生物育种重大专项（2022ZD040190502，2022ZD040190101）；国家自然科学基金（32072130，32272162）；国家现代玉米产业体系（CARS-02-13）；甘肃省敦煌种业集团教授工作站项目（69193063） |
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| Evaluation of the comprehensive seed vigor of maize parental inbred lines in Northwest China |
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YUAN Zhipeng1, SHENG Shipeng1, FAN Tinglu2, HAN Dengxu3, LIU Xingbin4, LUO Zhichun4, YAN Zhibin4, YUAN Jing5, LV Xiaorui6, WANG Jianhua1, LI Li1*
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| (1.College of Biotechnical and Agronomy/Seed Science and Technology Research Center, China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193, China;2.Institute of Dryland Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China;3.Institute of Cereal Crops of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;4.Gansu Dunhuang Seed Industry Group Co., Ltd., Jiuquan 735000, China;5.Xinjiang John Hope Agricultural Development Co. Ltd., Changji 831100, China;6.Seed Management Station of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730199, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the seed vigor and adaptability range of maize parents in Northwest China， 41 maize hybrid parental materials were treated with accelerated aging， cold soaking， drought and salt stress. The 7 d germination rate and seedling biomass were measured， and the standard germination test without any treatment was taken as control. The correlation analysis of 29 parameters including seedling emergence rate， above activity and the biomass index of the 41 parent materials in 4 climate regions， which were Beijing， Shihezi and Urumqi of Xinjiang， and Jiuquan of Gansu， was carried out. The results showed that： It was feasible to evaluate the vigor of parent seeds by selecting those lines with 80% seeds germinated normally under simulated drought （20% PEG 6000） and salt stress （200 mmol/L NaCl） treatments， respectively. The standard germination rate （bud rate） of 30 of the materials reached 85% of the national standard， and 11 of the materials were >92% of the germination standard. After cold soaking treatment， the germination rate of 35 parents （about 85%） was not significantly affected compared with the that of the control group， and the germination rate of 4 parents after cold soaking was 1% to 18% higher than that of untreated parents. The aging resistance of 41 parent seeds was generally poor， and the highest germination rate was only 44% after accelerated aging. Under 200 mmol/L NaCl stress， the germination rate of 10 parents was significantly inhibited， and under 20% PEG 6000 drought condition， the germination rate of 8 parents was significantly inhibited. The germination rate of the other 10 parents was significantly increased under the simulated drought and salt stress （P≤0.05）. The comparative analysis of seedling biomass under the above criteria of germination， cold soaking， aging， drought and salt stress did not find any specific trend or law， and the trend of seedling length and seedling weight was the same. The drought stress induced root development in 18 parents， and the root weight increased significantly in 12 parents. The seedling emergence rate of different parental materials showed great variation in the four climate zones， and the correlation between the seedling emergence rate and cold immersion germination rate in each climate zone reached a very significant level. |
| Key words: northwest region maize parental lines comprehensive seed vigor stress treatment correlation analysis |
