| 摘要: |
| 针对西北旱区大豆玉米复合种植机具短缺、机械化程度低等问题，设计西北旱区大豆玉米复合种植联合播种机。该机由旋耕装置、起垄装置、覆土装置、施肥装置、播种装置及机架等组成，能够实现旋耕、起垄、施肥、双幅覆膜覆土、镇压及播种等多个作业过程。对播种机关键部件进行设计与分析，利用离散元模型对覆土过程进行模拟仿真，分析覆土过程中膜边膜上覆土均匀性；采用DEM-MBD对大豆玉米播种装置耦合仿真，分析大豆玉米播种装置播种均匀性。仿真结果表明：1）土壤因跳跃和泼撒而落到垄面的颗粒数≤1.3%；2）播种装置对大豆和玉米种子挤压力≤10 N，土壤颗粒对鸭嘴的阻力≤50 N。田间试验结果表明：玉米播种装置播种合格率、漏播率和重播率分别为95.63%、1.65%和2.72%，大豆播种装置播种合格率、漏播率和重播率分别为91.24%、0%和8.76%，机组作业期间运行稳定，具有良好的作业效果，满足大豆玉米带状复合种植需求。 |
| 关键词: 大豆玉米复合种植 种植模式 覆土装置 播种装置 DEM-MBD耦合 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.05.10 |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-24 |
| 基金项目:甘肃省技术创新引导计划科技专员专项（22CX8GA052）；甘肃农业大学伏羲青年英才培养计划项目（Gaufx-03Y01） |
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| Design and experiment of a combined planter for soybean and corn compound planting in Northwest arid area |
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QU Jingwu1, DAI Fei1, SHI Ruijie1, ZHAO Wuyun1, MA Haijun2, MA Mingyi2
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| (1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;2.Gansu Tao River Tractor Manufacturing Co. , Ltd., Dingxi 730500, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In response to the shortage of soybean and corn compound planting equipment and low mechanization level in the Northwest arid area， a soybean and corn compound planting combined seeder was designed. This machine is composed of one rotary tillage device， one ridging device， one soil covering device， one fertilization device， one frame， and one seeding device. It can achieve multiple operational processes such as rotary tillage， ridging， fertilization， double film mulching， compaction， and seeding. The key components of the seeder are designed and analyzed， the soil covering process using a discrete element model is simulated， and the uniformity of the soil covering on the membrane edge during the soil covering process is analyzed； The sowing performance of soybean and corn sowing devices was simulated using DEM-MBD coupling， and the uniformity of sowing of soybean and corn sowing devices are analyzed. The simulation results show that： 1） The number of soil particles falling onto the ridge surface due to jumping and scattering is≤1.3%； 2） The seeding device exerts a squeezing force of ≤10 N on soybean and corn seeds， and the resistance of soil particles to duckbill is ≤ 50 N. The field test results showed that the qualified rate， missed rate， and replant rate of the corn sowing device were 95.63%， 1.65%， and 2.72%， respectively， while the qualified rate， missed rate， and replant rate of the soybean sowing device were 91.24%， 0%， and 8.76%， respectively. In conclusion， the unit operates stably during the operation period and has good operational effects， which meet the requirements of soybean corn strip composite sowing. |
| Key words: soybean and corn compound planting cropping pattern soil covering device seed metering device DEM-MBD coupling |
