| 摘要: |
| 为探究饲粮能量水平对肉驴血浆及肌肉氨基酸含量的影响，本研究选用年龄为1岁、体重相近（（150±25） kg）的德州肉驴（公）36头，分为低能量（LEG）、中能量（MEG）和高能量（HEG）3个组，采用舍饲育肥方式，分别饲喂消化能（以干物质计）为12.08、13.38和14.40 MJ/kg（育肥前期，1~45 d）、13.01、14.27和15.60 MJ/kg（育肥中期，46~90 d）以及13.54、14.93和16.23 MJ/kg（育肥后期，91~135 d）的饲粮。试验结束后，测定血清生化指标、血浆及背最长肌、臂三头肌、股二头肌以及臀肌中的氨基酸含量及肌肉中蛋白质含量。结果表明：1）不同饲粮能量水平间的肌肉蛋白质含量差异不显著（P>0.05）；MEG血浆中功能性氨基酸（FAA）、呈味氨基酸（DAA）含量显著高于LEG和HEG（P<0.05），LEG血浆中FAA和DAA含量显著高于HEG（P<0.05）。2）MEG显著提高血浆和股二头肌中必需氨基酸（EAA）、支链氨基酸（BCAA）含量以及EAA/总氨基酸（TAA）、EAA/非必须氨基酸（NEAA）（P<0.05），显著降低了股二头肌中NEAA和DAA含量（P<0.05）。3）MEG的血清总蛋白含量显著高于LEG（P<0.05），但与HEG相比差异不显著（P＞0.05）。 MEG、HEG的血清葡萄糖和胆固醇含量极显著高于LEG（P<0.001），但MEG和HEG两组间无差异，尿素含量变化规律与之相反。HEG和LEG血清甘油三脂和游离脂肪酸含量显著高于MEG（P<0.05），HEG的甘油三酯含量显著高于LEG，游离脂肪酸含量显著低于LEG（P<0.05）。随着能量水平的增加，高密度脂蛋白含量显著增加（P<0.001）。综上，肉驴育肥前期、育肥中期以及育肥后期饲喂中能量水平的饲粮，可使肉驴肌肉的AA平衡性较好，肌肉的营养价值较高。本研究为通过营养调控提高肉驴的育肥性能和改善肉品质提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 肉驴 能量水平 氨基酸 血清生化指标 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.04.21 |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-24 |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技重大专项（2018zdzx2018001） |
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| Effects of different dietary energy level on amino acid composition in plasma and muscle tissue of meat donkey |
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LI Li1, ZHAO Yanli1, GUO Xiaoyu1, GUO Yongmei1, ZHENG Yaguang1, ZHOU Yan1, YAN Sumei1*, ZHANG Yongwei2
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| (1.Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region/College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018, China;2.Inner Mongolia Grassland Yulu Science and Technology Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd. Horinger 011500,China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the effect of dietary energy level on plasma and muscle AA content of meat donkeys， 36 meat donkeys （males） aged 1 year with similar body weights （150±25 kg） were divided into three groups， low energy （LEG）， medium energy （MEG）， and high energy （HEG）. 12.08，13.38 and 14.40 MJ/kg （pre-fattening， 1-45 d）， 13.01， 14.27 and 15.60 MJ/kg （mid-fattening， 46-90 d）， and 13.54， 14.93 and 16.23 MJ/kg （post-fattening， 91-135 d）， respectively. At the end of the experiment， serum biochemical indexes， plasma and amino acid content in the most longissimus dorsi， triceps brachii， biceps femoris， gluteal muscles and muscle protein content were determined. The results showed that： 1） The differences in muscle protein content between different dietary energy levels were not significant （P>0.05）. The contents of functional amino acids （FAA） and delicious amino acids （DAA） in plasma of MEG were significantly higher than those of LEG and HEG（P<0.05）in plasma and brceps femoris muscle， and the contents of FAA and DAA in plasma of LEG were significantly higher than those of HEG （P<0.05）.2） MEG significantly increased the content of essential amino acid （EAA）， branched chain amino acid （BCAA） content as well as EAA/total amino acid （TAA）， EAA/non-essential amino acid （NEAA） （P<0.05）in plasma and biceps femoris muscle， and significantly decreased NEAA and DAA content in biceps femoris muscle （P<0.05）. 3） Total serum protein content of MEG was significantly higher than LEG （P<0.05）， but the difference was not significant compared with HEG. Serum glucose and cholesterol content of MEG and HEG were significantly higher than LEG （P<0.001）， but there was no difference between the two groups of MEG and HEG， and the change rule of urea content was opposite. Serum triglyceride and none-esterified fatty acid contents of HEG and LEG were significantly higher than those in MEG （P<0.05）， the triglyceridecontent of HEG was significantly higher than LEG， and the none-esterified fatty acid content was significantly lower than LEG（P<0.05）；With the increase of energy level， the content of high-density lipoprotein increased significantly （P<0.001）. In conclusion， feeding meat donkeys with medium energy levels in the early， middle and late stages of fatting can improve the AA balance and higher nutritional value of muscle in meat donkeys. This study provides a reference for improving the fattening performance and improving the meat quality of meat donkeys through nutritional regulation. |
| Key words: meat donkey energy level amino acids serum biochemical index |
