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| 日粮精粗比对舍饲安格斯犏牛生长性能和血清生化指标的影响 |
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岳子奇1,王之盛1,胡瑞1,邹华围1,彭全辉1,周玉青2,赵索南2,孙芸2,孔祥颖2*
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| (1.四川农业大学 动物营养研究所/四川省牛低碳养殖与安全生产重点实验室, 成都 611130;2. 海北州高原生态畜牧业科技示范园管委会, 青海 海北 810200) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究不同精粗比日粮对短期舍饲育肥的安格斯犏牛生长性能和血清生化指标的影响，本研究选取30头年龄(4月龄)和体重((114.97±28.33)kg)相近的安格斯×大通牦牛的健康安格斯犏牛，随机分为3个处理组，每个处理组10个重复，每个重复1头牛。各试验组日粮精粗比分别为30∶70(C30组)、45∶55(C45组)和60∶40(C60组)，预饲期10 d，正饲期90 d。结果表明:1)与C30组安犏牛相比，试验全期C45和C60组平均日增重(ADG)和胸围均显著提高(P<0.05)，而料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05)；试验1~30 d的C45和C60组干物质采食量(DMI)显著降低(P<0.05)，而61~90 d显著提高(P<0.05)；试验1~30 d的C45和C60组及61~90 d的C60组ADG显著提高(P<0.05)；试验1~30 d和61~90 d的C45和C60组F/G显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与C30组相比，C45组和C60组安犏牛的血清葡萄糖、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和游离脂肪酸等均显著提高(P<0.05)。综上，精饲料比例的增加可提高安犏牛的胸围和生产性能，降低料重比，改善血清生化指标，但过高的精料并没有带来更高收益，因此安犏牛短期舍饲育肥的适宜日粮精粗比为45∶55。本研究为提高安犏牛生产性能和短期育肥的科学饲养提供理论依据和实践基础。 |
| 关键词: 精粗比 安犏牛 生长性能 血液生化指标 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.12.11 |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-15 |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系(CARS-37) |
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| Effect of dietary concentrate to forage ratio on growth performance and serum biochemical indices of angus cattle-yaks fed in confinement |
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YUE Ziqi1,WANG Zhisheng1,HU Rui1,ZOU Huawei1,PENG Quanhui1,ZHOU Yuqing2,ZHAO Suonan2,SUN Yun2,KONG Xiangying2*
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| (1.Key Laboratory of University in Cattle Low Carbon Breeding and Safety Production in Sichuan Province/Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;2.Haibei Demonstration Zone of Plateau Modern Ecological Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Haibei 810200, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the effects of different concentrate to forage ratios diets on the growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of Angus cattle-yaks in short-term confinement, in the study, thirty healthy Angus cattle-yak of Angus × Datong yak with similar age(four months old)and weight(114. 97±28. 33 kg)were selected and divided into three groups, with 10 replicates per treatment group and 1 cow per replicate. The dietary concentrate to the coarse ratio of each experimental group was 30∶70(Group C30), 45∶55(Group C45), and 60∶40(Group C60), with a pre-feeding period of 10 days and a regular feeding period of 90 days. The results showed as follows: 1)Compared with the C30 group of Angus cattle-yaks, the average daily gain(ADG)and chest girth in the C45 and C60 groups were significantly increased(P<0. 05)throughout the experiment, while the feed to weight ratio(F/G)was significantly decreased(P<0. 05). During the test 1-30 d the dry matter intake(DMI)was significantly reduced in the C45 and C60 groups(P<0. 05), while it was significantly increased in the 61-90 d(P<0. 05). The ADG was significantly increased in the C45 and C60 groups in the 1-30 d, and in the C60 group in the 61-90 d(P<0. 05). During the test 1-30 d and 61-90 d, the F/G was significantly reduced in the C45 and C60 groups(P<0. 05). 2)Compared with the C30 group, the serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, and free fatty acids of Angus cattle-yaks in the C45 and C60 groups was significantly increased(P<0. 05). In conclusion, it can increase average daily gain, but also reduce feed to gain ratio, and it also can improve serum biochemical indexes of Angus cattle-yaks with high-concentrate diets, but too much concentrate doesn't give higher yields, so the optimal ratio of concentrate to roughage for short-term fattening of Angus cattle-yaks is suggested to be 45∶55. The finding provides a theoretical and practical basis for scientific feeding to improve the production performance and short-term fattening of Angus cattle-yaks. |
| Key words: concentrate to forage ratio angus cattle-yaks growth performance serum biochemical indexes |
