| 摘要: |
| 为探究龙头企业农地规模经营对减施化肥的影响，利用广东省“乡村振兴固定观察点”项目的新型经营主体调查数据，运用Oprobit模型考察龙头企业土地经营规模与化肥减量之间的关系。结果表明:龙头企业经营规模与企业化肥减量效应之间呈U型关系，即随着企业土地经营规模扩大，其化肥减量行为呈现先抑制后促进的变化。上述结论在缓解变量测量误差及采用工具变量法方式等处理内生性问题后依然成立。异质性分析发现:地权越稳定、地块越集中的企业，其经营规模扩大的化肥减量效应更为显著，但种养结合模式、法人从农经历所衍生的化肥减量提升效应仅分别主要存在于市级及以上龙头企业、县级龙头企业样本中。上述结果表明新型经营主体—龙头企业规模经营对化肥减量的作用值得关注，但龙头企业化肥减量效应存在规模门槛问题，而且地权稳定、地块集中、种养结合模式等能有效提升企业规模经营的化肥减量效应。 |
| 关键词: 农业龙头企业 土地经营规模 化肥减量 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.11.19 |
| 投稿时间：2023-01-29 |
| 基金项目:广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2023A1515010881)；广东省哲学社会科学创新工程2022年度特别委托项目(GD22TWCXGC08)；广东省哲学社会科学规划2023年度特别委托重点项目(GD23 WTC02-08) |
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| Land operation scale and fertilizer reduction: Evidence from agricultural leading enterprises |
|
HU Xinyan,CHEN Yan,CHEN Xiangpo
|
| (College of Economics & Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To explore the impact of large-scale operation by leading agricultural enterprises on reducing fertilizer application, this study used survey data from the “Fixed Observation Point for Rural Revitalization” project in Guangdong Province and applied the Oprobit model to examine the relationship between land operation scale and fertilizer reduction. Our findings demonstrate an U-shaped relationship between the two variables. That is, as the scale of land operation of enterprises expands, their behavior of reducing fertilizer use shows a change from initial suppression to subsequent promotion. The above conclusion still holds after alleviating for the variable measurement error and adopting the instrumental variable approach to address the endogenous issues. Additionally, it was found that companies with stable land rights and concentrated land plots displayed a significant reduction in fertilizer usage when their land operation scale expanded. This effect was also observed in county-level enterprises with legal persons who had experiences in farming, as well as in municipal-level enterprises engaged in combined farming and breeding operations. These above results suggest that it is crucial to consider the impact of expanding the land operation scale of leading enterprises on reducing fertilizer usage, particularly regarding the scale threshold problem. Moreover, land rights stability insurance, concentrated plots, and the combination of planting and breeding can effectively improve the fertilizer reduction effect of large-scale enterprise operations. |
| Key words: agricultural leading enterprises land operation scale fertilizer reduction |
