| 摘要: |
| 为验证超前决策灌溉模型在土壤栽培中的科学性，筛选基于超前决策灌溉模型的最优灌溉量组合，以Penman-Monteith模型为对照(PM处理)，分别在番茄的开花坐果期和果实膨大期设置超前决策灌溉模型计算灌溉量(ET)的3个水平(0.8 ET、1.0 ET、1.2 ET)，共计10个处理，通过春秋两茬试验，分析比较不同灌溉模型对土壤含水量、番茄生理指标、产量、品质与水分利用效率的影响，并利用熵权-TOPSIS法评价不同处理番茄的综合指标。结果表明:与对照相比，超前决策灌溉模型处理土壤含水量的波动较小，光合能力、植株产量与水分利用效率显著提高。运用熵权-TOPSIS综合分析法进行排序，T2-3处理(开花坐果期使用1.0 ET灌溉，果实膨大期使用1.2 ET进行灌溉)排第1位，秋茬番茄PM处理(使用PM模型进行灌溉)排在第8位，春茬温室番茄PM处理排在第10位。秋茬与春茬温室番茄最优处理T2-3相较于PM处理，叶片的净光合速率提高约9.7%和24.3%，蒸腾速率降低约16.5%和14.6%，产量和水分利用效率分别提升了4.7%、8.7%与0.8%、9.5%。研究结果表明在温室番茄的土壤栽培中，无论是春季还是秋季，超前决策灌溉模型比PM模型灌溉精度高；且在开花坐果期使用1.0 ET灌溉、果实膨大期使用1.2 ET进行灌溉为超前决策灌溉模型最优的灌溉量组合。 |
| 关键词: 超前决策灌溉模型 Penman-Monteith模型 温室番茄土壤栽培 熵权-TOPSIS综合分析 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.09.06 |
| 投稿时间：2023-01-29 |
| 基金项目:陕西省技术创新引导专项(基金)(2021QFY08-04)；国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-C05) |
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| Validation of advanced decision irrigation model of greenhouse tomato soil cultivation based on environmental factors and its relationship analysis |
|
ZHU Chenxi,HE Jiaxing,ZHANG Junwei,XIANG Lingxiao,LI Jianming*
|
| (College of Horticulture/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Engineering in Northwest Facilities of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to verify the scientific nature of the advanced decision irrigation model in soil cultivation and screen the optimal irrigation quantity combination based on the advanced decision irrigation model, the Penman-Monteith model(PM treatment)was used as the control. Three levels(0. 8 ET, 1. 0 ET, 1. 2 ET)of irrigation quantity(ET)calculated by advanced decision irrigation models were set at flowering stage and fruit expansion stage of tomato with a total of 10 treatments. The effects of different irrigation models on soil water content, physiological indexes, yield, quality and water use efficiency of tomato were analyzed and compared, and the comprehensive indexes of tomato under different treatments were evaluated by entropy weight-topsis method. The results show that: Compared with the control, the fluctuation of soil water content was smaller under the advanced decision irrigation model, and the photosynthetic capacity, plant yield and water use efficiency were significantly improved. The results of entropy-topsis comprehensive analysis showed that the T2-3 treatment(1. 0 ET irrigation at flowering stage, 1. 2 ET irrigation at fruit expansion stage)ranked the first, the PM treatment at autumn crop tomato(PM model irrigation)ranked the eighth, and the PM treatment at spring crop greenhouse tomato ranked the 10th. Compared with the PM treatment, the net photosynthetic rate of greenhouse tomatoes under the optimal treatment of treatment T2-3 in autumn and spring stubble was 9. 7% and 24. 3% higher, respectively. The transpiration rate decreased by about 16. 5% and 14. 6%, and the yield and water use efficiency increased by 4. 7%, 8. 7% and 0. 8%, 9. 5%, respectively, compared with PM treatment. Therefore, the irrigation precision of advance decision irrigation model was higher than that of the PM model in greenhouse tomato cultivation in spring and autumn. In addition, 1. 0 ET irrigation at flowering and fruiting stage and 1. 2 ET irrigation at fruit expansion stage were the optimal irrigation quantity combination for the advanced decision irrigation model. |
| Key words: advanced decision irrigation model Penman-Monteith model greenhouse tomato soil cultivation entropy weight TOPSIS comprehensive analysis |
