| 摘要: |
| 针对苹果在管道输送过程中的撞击损伤问题，对管道气力输送装置的参数组合进行研究。以输送管道内径、管型和进风口风速为影响因素，以苹果迎风面风速为响应值，通过单因素仿真试验确定各因素对响应值的影响规律；基于单因素仿真结果利用多因素仿真试验获得最优输送参数组合，通过验证试验检验最优组合的可靠性。单因素仿真试验结果表明:当管道内径分别为88、96、104、112和120 mm时，随着输送管道内径的增大，苹果迎风面风速呈先增大后减小的趋势；管型对苹果迎风面风速大小影响的排序为，下圆弧管>螺旋管>S型管>上圆弧管>反S型管；当进风风速分别为14.07、15.83、17.59、19.35和21.11 m/s时，随着进风风速的增大，苹果迎风面风速呈先增大后减小的趋势。多因素仿真试验结果表明:最优输送参数组合为，管道内径112 mm、下圆弧型管型、进风风速19.35 m/s，此时苹果迎风面风速为18.46 m/s。验证试验结果表明，基于最优输送参数组合的管道气力输送装置输送苹果时苹果损伤率为14%，苹果损伤面积0~14.82 mm2，损伤体积0~23.84 mm3，86%的苹果为一等及以上果，14%的苹果为二等果。管道气力输送装置可有效降低苹果采摘后落入果筐时的损伤。 |
| 关键词: 苹果 管道输送 气力输送 果实减损 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.08.21 |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-07 |
| 基金项目:河北省现代农业产业技术体系苹果创新团队现代果园装备与智能化岗项目(HBCT2018100205)；国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-27) |
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| Parameter optimization and experiment of the pneumatic conveying device of apple pipe |
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WANG Jia,CHEN Chunhao,LI Jianping*,ZHANG Kuo
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| (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Aming at the problem of the impact damage during apples pipe transport, the parameter combination of pneumatic conveying device was studied. Taking the inner diameter of the conveying pipe, pipe shape and wind speed of the inlet as the influencing factors, and the wind speed of the windward side of the apple as the response value, the influence rule of each factor on the response value was determined by single factor simulation test. Based on the results of single factor simulation, through multi-factor simulation test the optimal combination of transport parameters was obtained and the reliability of the optimal combination is tested through verification test. The single factor simulation test results showed that: When the inner diameter of pipeline is 88, 96, 104, 112 and 120 mm, the number of the inner diameter of pipeline increased, and the wind speed on the upwind side of apple first increased and then decreased. The order of the influence of pipe type on the windward side of Apple's wind speed was lower arc tube>spiral tube>S-shaped tube>Upper circular arc tube>inverted S-shaped tube. When the inlet wind speed was 14. 07, 15. 83, 17. 59, 19. 35 and 21. 11 m/s, the number of the inlet wind speed increased, the wind speed on the windward side of apple increased first and then decreased. The results of multi-factor simulation test showed that the optimal combination of transport parameters was as follows: pipe inner diameter 112 mm, lower arc tube shape, inlet wind speed 19. 35 m/s, under the circumstances, the wind speed on the upwind side of apple was 18. 46 m/s. The tested experimental results showed that in the case of pipeline pneumatic conveying device with optimal combination of conveying parameters, the damage rate of apples was 14%, the damage area of apples was 0 to 14. 82 mm2 and the damage volume of apples was 0 to 23. 84 mm3. About 86% of apples were first-class and above fruits and 14% were second-class fruits. In conclusion, the pneumatic conveying device of pipeline is able to effectively reduce the damage of apples when they fall into the fruit basket after being picked. |
| Key words: pipeline transmission pneumatic conveying reduction of fruit apple |
