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籽瓜种质资源表型性状鉴定及遗传多样性分析
周远航^1,2,鲁伟丹²,马小龙²,高江龙²,樊晓琴²,郭建富²,陈友强³,林明^2,3,石书兵^1
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(1.新疆农业大学农学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;2.新疆农业科学院玛纳斯农业试验站, 新疆玛纳斯 832200;3.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830091)

摘要:

为探究籽瓜种质资源的多样性，深度挖掘籽瓜优异种质应用潜力，采用相关性、主成分与聚类分析方法对100份籽瓜种质资源的21个农艺性状进行表型鉴定及遗传多样性分析。结果表明:籽瓜种质资源遗传多样性丰富，7个质量性状的多样性指数范围为0.53~1.65，14个数量性状变异系数为10.41%~35.56%，各表型性状间具有遗传相关性。以欧氏距离为遗传距离进行聚类分析，可将100份籽瓜种质资源聚为5大类群，其中第Ⅴ类群具有高产特性，可作为育种亲本材料。主成分分析提取前7个主成分，其成分累计贡献率达到了74.185%，可以作为籽瓜种质资源主要评价指标；籽瓜种质资源的综合得分范围为-2.78~2.86，依据综合得分排序，筛选出了3份优异籽瓜种质资源材料。本研究从多角度系统评价籽瓜种质资源遗传多样性，可为后续籽瓜种质资源高效利用及遗传育种提供科学依据。

关键词: 籽瓜种质资源表型鉴定遗传多样性综合评价

DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.08.10

投稿时间：2022-11-16

基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目(KY2022005)；新疆维吾尔自治区优秀青年科技人才培养项目(2020Q029)；新疆维吾尔自治区财政专项种业发展项目(NZJ2022-12)；新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才(2021)

Phenotypic characters identification and genetic diversity analysis of seed melon germplasm resources

ZHOU Yuanhang^1,2,LU Weidan²,MA Xiaolong²,GAO Jianglong²,FAN Xiaoqin²,GUO Jianfu²,CHEN Youqiang³,LIN Ming^2,3*,SHI Shubing^1*

(1.College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;2.Manas Agricultural Experimental Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Manasi 832200, China;3.Cash Crop Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China)

Abstract:

In order to explore the diversity of seed melon germplasm resources and explore the application potential of excellent seed melon germplasm resources, correlation, principal component and cluster analysis were used to identify 21 agronomic traits and analyze the genetic diversity of 100 seed melon germplasm resources. The results showed that the genetic diversity of germplasm resources was rich. The diversity index of 7 quality traits ranged from 0. 53-1. 65, and the coefficient of variation of 14 quantitative traits ranged from 10. 41%-35. 56%. There was genetic correlation among phenotypic traits. Using Euclidean distance as genetic distance, 100 seed melon germplasm resources could be grouped into 5 groups, among which group Ⅴ had high yield and could be used as breeding parent material. The first 7 principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and their cumulative contribution rate reached 74. 185%, which could be used as the main evaluation index of germplasm resources of seed melon. The comprehensive scores of seed melon germplasm resources ranged from -2. 78-2. 86, and three excellent seed melon germplasm resources were selected according to the comprehensive scores. This study systematically evaluated the genetic diversity of seed melon germplasm resources from multiple perspectives, which could provide a scientific basis for the efficient utilization and genetic breeding of seed melon germplasm resources in the future.

Key words: seed melon germplasm resources phenotype identification genetic diversity comprehensive assessment