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| 风送式集中排肥系统的设计与试验 |
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李陶1,龚静1,郑明武1,李芋汶1,杨正颖1,邹洪宇1,郭金岳1,邓璇1,任万军2,胡剑锋3,雷小龙1,2*
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| (1.四川农业大学 机电学院, 四川 雅安 625014;2.四川农业大学 作物生理生态及栽培四川省重点实验室, 成都 611130;3.四川天府新区乡村振兴研究院, 成都610213) |
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| 摘要: |
| 针对外槽轮排肥装置施肥作业均匀性不高的问题，设计一种风送式集中排肥装置及同步施肥控制系统。通过台架试验比较直槽、交错槽和螺旋槽3种排肥轮结构的排肥性能，并建立排肥轮转速与排肥速率的线性回归方程；基于北斗+GPS系统和限幅平均滤波算法提高行驶速度的监测精度，并据此开发施肥控制系统。结果表明:1)排肥轮转速为10~60 r/min时，螺旋槽结构排肥轮具有较好的排肥性能，排肥量稳定性变异系数和各行排肥量一致性变异系数分别为0.15%和1.57%，排肥量均匀性变异系数<4%。2)排肥轮转速<60 r/min时，施肥控制系统的施肥调整响应时间<0.85 s；当理论施肥量和平均作业速度分别为300~600 kg/hm2和5.22 km/h时，施肥准确率>95%。该风送式集中排肥装置及施肥控制系统可以实现同步、精量和均匀施肥作业。 |
| 关键词: 颗粒化肥 风送式集中排肥装置 螺旋槽排肥轮 同步施肥控制系统 排肥性能 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.06.19 |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-15 |
| 基金项目:四川天府新区乡村振兴研究院揭榜挂帅项目(XZY1-11)；国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0301204) |
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| Design and experiment of air-assisted centralized fertilization system |
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LI Tao1,GONG Jing1,ZHENG Mingwu1,LI Yuwen1,YANG Zhengying1,ZOU Hongyu1,GUO Jinyue1,DENG Xuan1,REN Wanjun2,HU Jianfeng3,LEI Xiaolong1,2*
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| (1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China;2.Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province in Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;3.Rural Revitalization Research Institute of Sichuan Tianfu District, Chengdu 610213, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Aiming at the problem of low uniformity during fertilizer application in the external grooved wheel fertilizer discharge device, an air-assisted centralized fertilization device and a synchronous fertilization control system were designed. The fertilization performance of three kinds of fertilization wheel structures, namely, straight groove, staggered groove and spiral groove, were compared using bench test, and the linear regression model between rotational speed and fertilizer discharge speed was established. Based on BDS and GPS system and limiting average filtering algorithm method, the fertilization control system was designed. The results showed that: 1)The fertilization performance was good for the spiral groove fertilization wheel at the fertilization speed of 10-60 r/min. The variation coefficients of stability the total fertilization quantity and consistency in each row were 0. 15% and 1. 57%, respectively. The variation coefficient of fertilization uniformity was <4%. 2)When the rotational speed of fertilization wheel is <60 r/min, the response time of fertilization control system was <0. 85 s. When the fertilization quantity and average operating speed were 300-600 kg/hm2 and 5. 22 km/h, respectively, the fertilization accuracy rate was >95%. In conclusion, synchronization, precision and uniform fertilizer application is achieved by the air-assisted centralized fertilization device and fertilizer application control system. |
| Key words: granular fertilizer air-assisted centralized fertilization device spiral groove fertilization wheel synchronous control system fertilization performance |
