| 摘要: |
| 为探索鲢鱼加工副产物高值化利用新途径，降低益生菌培养基氮源成本，以氮回收率和相对分子质量分布为指标，研究3种蛋白酶(中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶)水解鲢鱼加工副产物不同时间(0.25、0.5、1、2、3和4 h)得到的水解物性质的差异；以鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG(Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG)和嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM(Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM)的生长曲线、比生长速率和菌落总数为指标，研究鲢鱼加工副产物水解物替代MRS(deMan，Rogosa，Sharpe)培养基氮源对益生菌生长繁殖的影响。结果表明:1)木瓜蛋白酶对鲢鱼加工副产物具有更好的水解效果，具体表现为木瓜蛋白酶水解物的氮回收率在各时间点均显著高于中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶水解物(P<0.05)，且木瓜蛋白酶2、3和4 h水解物中相对分子质量<1 000的小分子肽含量显著高于其他水解物(P<0.05)；2)中性蛋白酶1和4 h水解物，碱性蛋白酶2 h水解物，木瓜蛋白酶1和4 h水解物替代MRS培养基75%氮源时，鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG的比生长速率显著高于对照组(MRS培养基)(P<0.05)；3)木瓜蛋白酶1 h水解物替代MRS培养基75%氮源时，嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM的生长曲线、比生长速率、在600 nm的最大吸光度和菌落总数均显著高于对照组(MRS培养基)(P<0.05)。综上，鲢鱼加工副产物经中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶酶解后有望用于替代益生菌培养基氮源，促进益生菌生长繁殖，实现其高值化利用。 |
| 关键词: 鲢鱼 副产物 鼠李糖乳杆菌 嗜酸乳杆菌 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.04.14 |
| 投稿时间：2022-07-06 |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-45) |
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| Effects of hydrolysates made from silver carp processing by-products on the growth of probiotics |
|
ZHANG Huijuan,LIU Yueyue,LUO Yongkang,HONG Hui,TAN Yuqing*
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| (College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The purpose of this study is to explore a new way of high-value utilization of silver carp processing by-products and reduce the cost of nitrogen source for probiotic culture medium. The nitrogen recovery rate and relative molecular weight distribution were determined to explore the effects of different proteases(neutrase, alcalase, and papain)and hydrolysis time(0. 25, 0. 5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h)on the properties of hydrolysates. The growth curve, specific growth rate, and total plate count of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG and Lactobacillus. acidophilus NCFM were determined to explore the effects of silver carp processing by-products hydrolysates on the growth and reproduction of probiotics. The results indicated that: Papain displayed a better hydrolysis effect on silver carp processing by-products. Specifically, the nitrogen recovery rate of hydrolysates obtained by papain was significantly(P<0. 05)higher than that of obtained by neutrase and alcalase at each time of hydrolysis. The proportion of components with relative molecular weight < 1 000 in hydrolysates obtained by papain(2, 3, and 4 h)was significantly(P<0. 05)higher than that of other hydrolysates. Hydrolysates obtained by neutrase(1 and 4 h), alcalase(4 h), and papain(1 and 4 h)replacing 75% nitrogen source in MRS medium accelerated the growth rate of L. rhamnosus LGG significantly(P<0. 05)and was higher than that of MRS medium. Hydrolysate obtained by papain(1 h)replacing 75% nitrogen source in MRS medium also significantly(P<0. 05)promoted the growth curve, specific growth rate, maximum OD600 value, and total plate count of L. acidophilus NCFM compared with MRS medium. In conclusion, the silver carp processing by-products are expected to replace the nitrogen source of the probiotic medium after hydrolyzation by neutrase, alcalase, and papain, and it can accelerate the growth and reproduction of probiotics, and realize its high-value utilization. |
| Key words: silver carp by-products Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lactobacillus acidophilus |
