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| 缩行带状种植和保水剂对滴灌燕麦籽粒和饲草品质的影响 |
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田露1,2,刘景辉1*,米俊珍1,赵宝平1,李英浩1,张胜1,王凤梧3,焦伟红4,高卿3,郑成忠3,张子臻3
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| (1.内蒙古农业大学 农学院, 呼和浩特 010019;2.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 特色作物研究所, 呼和浩特 010031;3.乌兰察布市农林科学研究所, 内蒙古 乌兰察布 012000;4.乌兰察布市农牧业生态资源保护中心, 内蒙古 乌兰察布 012000) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为建立适应于优质燕麦栽培的高效滴灌种植方式，于2019—2020年设置主区等行距20 cm种植(TW)、带状种植行距15(FI)和10 cm(TE)3个种植方式水平和副区施用22.5(Y)和0 kg/hm2(N)2个保水剂水平的裂区试验，测定燕麦籽粒品质和饲草品质指标。结果表明:1)种植方式、保水剂和二者交互作用均能显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)影响滴灌燕麦籽粒粗蛋白、粗脂肪、β-葡聚糖含量和秸秆酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、可消化干物质(DDM)、潜在干物质采食量(DMI)和相对饲用价值(RFV)。2)与TW相比，FI的施用保水剂(Y)栽培方式使燕麦籽粒粗蛋白、粗脂肪、β-葡聚糖含量、DDM、DMI和RFV分别提高4.77%、8.00%、16.95%、1.93%、1.02%和2.97%，但NDF和ADF含量分别降低2.04%和5.84%。TE中2种保水剂处理的燕麦籽粒和秸秆品质指标均显著低于TW。3)与不施用保水剂处理(N)相比，FI中施用保水剂处理(Y)可显著提高燕麦籽粒粗蛋白、粗脂肪、β-葡聚糖含量、DDM、DMI和RFV，而在TW和TE中2种保水剂处理间差异均不显著。综上，采用带状种植行距15 cm(FI)配施22.5 kg/hm2(Y)保水剂的种植方式可以实现内蒙古自治区滴灌燕麦籽粒品质和饲草品质的提升。 |
| 关键词: 燕麦 滴灌 行距 保水剂 品质 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.01.07 |
| 投稿时间：2022-02-26 |
| 基金项目:政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2018YFE0107900)；国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系(CARS-07-B-4)；内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项(2019CG017) |
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| Effects of strip cropping with reducing row spacing and super absorbent polymer on the grain and forage quality of oat under drip irrigation |
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TIAN Lu1,2,LIU Jinghui1*,MI Junzhen1,ZHAO Baoping1,LI Yinghao1,ZHANG Sheng1,WANG Fengwu3,JIAO Weihong4,GAO Qing3,ZHENG Chengzhong3,ZHANG Zizhen3
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| (1.College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Hohhot 010019, China;2.Institute of Specialty Crops, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot 010031, China;3.Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Ulanqab, Ulanqab 012000, China;4.Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecological Resources Protection Center of Ulanqab, Ulanqab 012000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to establish an efficient drip irrigation planting method suitable for the cultivation of high-quality oat, an experiments of three levels of equal row spacing planting with row spacing 20 cm(TW), strip planting with row spacing 15 cm(FI), strip planting with row spacing 10 cm(TE)in main plot and super absorbent polymer with two levels of 22. 5(Y)and 0 kg/hm2(N)in the subplot were conducted. The oat grain quality and forage quality indexes were measured and analyzed. The results showed that, 1)Planting method, super absorbent polymer and their interactions all had very significant(P<0. 01)or significant(P<0. 05)effects on the crude protein content, crude fat content, β-glucan content, acid detergent fiber(ADF), neutral detergent fiber(NDF), digestibility dry matter(DDM), dry matter intakes(DMI)and relative feed value(RFV)of oat under drip irrigation. 2)Compared with TW, treatment FI with using super absorbent polymer(Y)significantly increased crude fat content, β-glucan content, DDM, DMI and RFV, and which increased by 4. 77%, 8. 00%, 16. 95%, 1. 93%, 1. 02% and 2. 97%, respectively. It also significantly decreased the ADF and NDF content, which decreased by 2. 04% and 5. 84%, respectively. The grain quality and straw quality indexes of oat treated with two kinds of super absorbent polymer in TE were significantly lower than those of TW. 3)Under the same planting method, only the application of super absorbent polymer(Y)in treatment FI can significantly improve the crude fat content, β-glucan content, DDM, DMI and RFV compared with no super absorbent polymers(N), and there were no significant differences under treatments TW and TE. To sum up, the grain quality and forage quality of oat under drip irrigation can be improved by using strip planting with row spacing of 15 cm(FI)and applying 22. 5 kg/hm2(Y)super absorbent polymers in Inner Mongolia Automous Region. |
| Key words: oat drip irrigation row spacing super absorbent polymer quality |
