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| 新疆地区粳稻品种的耐盐性鉴定与评价 |
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张燕红1,2,康民泰3,文孝荣3,唐福森3,周相3,袁杰2,赵志强2,布哈丽且木·阿不力孜2,王奉斌3*,李自超1*
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| (1.中国农业大学 农学院/作物遗传改良北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193;2.新疆农业科学院 核技术生物技术研究所/新疆农作物生物技术重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830091;3.新疆农业科学院 温宿水稻试验站, 新疆 阿克苏 843100) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为筛选可应用于新疆稻区耐盐育种的核心种质，以24份新选育的粳稻品种(系)为试材，设置盐浓度为对照(C0)、轻度(C1)、中度(C2)和重度(C3)4个胁迫处理，进行耐盐性综合评价与分析。结果表明:供试材料可以划分为4种类型，分别为敏盐中产型(Ⅰ)、耐盐高产型(Ⅱ)、敏盐低产1型(Ⅲ)及敏盐低产2型(Ⅳ)。在重度盐胁迫处理(C3)下，Ⅱ型品种的单株产量、地上部干重、穗长、穗粒数和千粒重与对照(C0)均无显著差异，结实率比C0显著下降，耐盐等级均显著低于Ⅲ和Ⅳ型品种。产量构成因子与耐盐性相关分析表明，Ⅰ型材料可通过获得稳定的地上部干物质积累促进产量的提高，Ⅱ型材料的耐盐性较强对其产量具有显著的贡献，Ⅲ和Ⅳ型耐盐性较差，难以获得稳产。综上，Ⅱ型品种‘新粳3号’、‘新稻57号’、‘新农粳伊4号’和‘新稻11号’可作为新疆稻区耐盐遗传改良的核心种质。 |
| 关键词: 新疆 粳稻 耐盐性 聚类热图分析 单株产量 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2023.01.01 |
| 投稿时间：2022-02-26 |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A03004-3)；新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(KY2020104)；国家水稻产业技术体系专项(CARS-01-101) |
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| Identification and evaluation of the salt tolerance of japonica rice(Oryza sativa L.)varieties in Xinjiang |
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ZHANG Yanhong1,2,KANG Mintai3,WEN Xiaorong3,TANG Fusen3,ZHOU Xiang3,YUAN Jie2,ZHAO Zhiqiang2,BUHALIQEM·Abliz2,WANG Fengbin3*,LI Zichao1*
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| (1.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy ofAgricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;3.Rice Experiment Station in Wensu, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Aksu 843100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to screen the core germplasms that can be used in salt tolerance breeding in Xinjiang rice region, a total of 24 new japonica rice varieties were taken as test materials in this study. Comprehensive evaluation analysis of salt tolerance was carried out under four salt concentration stress, including control(C0), mild salt stress(C1), moderate salt stress(C2), and severe salt stress(C3). The results showed that the tested materials can be divided into four types: middle sensitive salt type(Ⅰ), high salt tolerance type(Ⅱ), low sensitive salt type 1(Ⅲ)and low sensitive salt type 2(Ⅳ). Under severe salt stress(C3), the grain yield per plant, above-ground dry weight, the panicle length, grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight of type Ⅱ were not significantly affected, but seed-setting rate decreased significantly, and the salt tolerance level of type Ⅱ was lower than that of type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ. The correlation analysis between yield components and salt tolerance showed that: Type Ⅰ materials could improve yield through the stable above-ground dry weight accumulation and type Ⅱ materials made a significant contribution to salt tolerance. However, the salt tolerance of type Ⅲ and Ⅳ were poor and it was difficult to achieve stable yield through the coordination of yield factors. In conclusion, type Ⅱ materials ‘Xinjing 3', ‘Xindao 57', ‘Xinnongjingyi 4' and ‘Xindao 11' were identified as the core germplasms for salt tolerance genetic improvement in Xinjiang rice region. |
| Key words: Xinjiang Japonica rice salt resistance clustering analysis grain yield per plant |
