| 摘要: |
| 针对苹果采后分选及装箱过程存在跌落损伤的问题，对减缓苹果跌落冲击的参数组合进行研究。以缓冲材料、缓冲厚度和跌落高度为影响因素，以撞击力和损伤体积为响应值，通过单因素试验确定各因素对响应值的影响规律；基于单因素试验结果，利用响应面试验获取最优缓冲参数组合。单因素试验结果表明:缓冲材料对苹果的缓冲作用由强到弱依次为珍珠棉>假草坪>硅橡胶>气泡膜；当缓冲厚度分别为3、5、8、10和12 mm时，随着缓冲厚度的增大，苹果跌落撞击力及损伤体积逐渐减小；当跌落高度分别为10、20、30、50和70 mm时，随着跌落高度的增大，苹果跌落撞击力及损伤体积逐渐增大。响应面试验结果表明:最优缓冲参数组合为，缓冲材料珍珠棉，缓冲厚度12 mm，跌落高度10 cm，此时撞击力为2.61 N，损伤体积为8.52 mm3；对最优缓冲参数组合进行试验验证，结果的绝对误差均小于5%，优化缓冲参数组合结果可靠。 |
| 关键词: 缓冲材料 跌落冲击 撞击力 损伤体积 响应面试验 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.09.14 |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-08 |
| 基金项目:河北省现代农业产业技术体系苹果创新团队果园装备岗(HBCT2018100205)；财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-27) |
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| Experimental study on the impact of buffer devices on the falling of apples |
|
CHEN Chunhao,WANG Jia,ZHANG Jianlu,LI Jianping,WANG Pengfei,LV Linshuo
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| (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Aiming at the problem of falling damages in the process of picking, sorting and packing apples, the parameter combinations to slow down the falling impact of apples were investigated. Taking buffer material, buffer thickness and drop height as the influencing factors, and the impact force and damage volume as the response values, the influence law of each factor on the response value was determined through single-factor test. Based on the results of the single factor test, the response surface test was used to obtain the optimal buffer parameter combination. The results of single factor test showed that the buffering effect of buffering materials on apples changed from strong to weak in the order of pearl cotton > false lawn > silicone rubber > bubble film; When the buffer thickness is respectively 3, 5, 8, 10 and 12 mm, with the increase of buffer thickness, the falling impact force and damaged volume of apples gradually decreased. When the falling heights were 10, 20, 30, 50 and 70 mm, respectively, with the increase of falling heights, the falling impact force and damaged volume of apples gradually increased. The response surface test results showed that the optimal combination of cushioning parameters was pearl cotton with cushioning thickness 12 mm and falling height 10 cm. At this time, the impact force was 2. 61 N and the damage volume was 8. 52 mm3. In conclusion, the optimal combination of buffer parameters are verified by experiment, the absolute error of the optimal combination of cushioning parameters is less than 5%, and the optimized combination of cushioning parameters is reliable. |
| Key words: buffer material drop impact collision force damage volume response surface test |
