| 摘要: |
| 为系统把握我国粮食生产格局演变及在当前生产格局下粮地匹配特征，基于GIS地理信息系统、基尼系数和不平衡指数，通过分析2003—2019年全国31省(统计数据未含港、澳、台地区，下同)粮食生产数据，系统分析了粮食生产空间格局演变趋势和资源匹配程度，结果表明: 稻谷和玉米种植逐渐向东北方向偏移，小麦种植逐渐向西北偏移；黑龙江和内蒙古等主产区在土地资源利用上不充分，导致土地生产效率低于全国平均水平，而河南和河北的粮食生产发展速度超过土地资源开发速度，耕地压力巨大。从发展趋势来看，人地矛盾、政策影响等因素将进一步加剧土地资源压力，对粮食生产和土地资源匹配形成更大挑战。因此提出相应对策建议需要统筹协调，避免粗放式发展经营，缓解高土地资源压力产区的生产压力，丰富种植结构，实现粮食生产与土地资源的匹配。 |
| 关键词: 粮食生产 土地资源 粮地匹配 基尼系数 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.09.01 |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-15 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学重大基金项目(18ZDA074) |
|
| Spatial pattern evolution of grain production and its impact on grain-land matching in China |
|
WANG Songnan,MU Yueying
|
| (College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aims of this study were to understand the evolution of grain production pattern and the matching of grain and land under the current production pattern in China. Based on the grain production data of 31 provinces(The data do not include those of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions. The same below)across the country from 2003 to 2019, this study analyzed the evolution trend of the spatial pattern of grain production and the degree of resource matching by adopting GIS geographic information system, Gini coefficient and imbalance index from the perspective of land resource allocation. The results showed that: Rice and corn planting gradually shifted to the northeast, and wheat planting gradually shifted to the northwest; The main production areas such as Heilongjiang Province and Inner Mongolia did not make full use of land resources, resulting in lower than average land production efficiency, while the development speed of grain production in Henan Province and Hebei Province exceeded the rapid development of land resources, causing huge pressure on grain farmland. From the perspective of development trends, factors such as human-land conflicts and policy influences will further increase the pressure on land resources and pose greater challenges to the matching of food production and land resources. Coordination is required to avoid extensive development and management and alleviate the pressure on high land resources in production areas. Under the pressure of production, enrich the planting structure and realize the matching of grain production and land resources. |
| Key words: food production land resources grain-land matching Gini coefficient |
