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| 高分子脲醛缓释肥料降解菌的筛选及降解酶性质初探 |
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王芳1,胡培毅1,向阳2,3,郄浩然1,仝迎芳2,3,刘子超1,郭仕伟1,郭建峰1,刘亚青2,3*
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| (1.中北大学 化学工程与技术学院, 太原 030051;2.纳米功能复合材料山西省重点实验室, 太原 030051;3.山西省高分子复合材料工程技术研究中心, 太原 030051) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为从生物降解角度研究高分子脲醛缓释肥料，以含氮、磷、钾的高分子脲醛缓释肥料(PSRF)为唯一碳源和氮源设计筛选培养基，从连续施用PSRF 2年的土壤中分离和筛选高分子脲醛肥料降解菌，并利用形态学、ITS基因序列鉴定和系统发育分析方法对筛选的菌种进行鉴定；同时，应用SEM、激光粒度分布、乙酰丙酮分光光度法和钼酸铵分光光度法，检测其对100 ℃超声处理后的抗热解不溶性大分子PSRF(rPSRF)的降解效果。结果如下:筛选得到1株高分子脲醛肥料降解菌，经形态学和ITS鉴定为产红青霉菌Penicillium rubens，保藏号CGMCC 23229(P. rubens 23229)；SEM与激光粒度分布结果表明，与rPSRF共培养期间，P. rubens 23229可以在rPSRF肥料中附着生长并将其从致密大块颗粒结构降解为小块以及更小的碎屑；降解过程中溶液磷含量从0 μg/mL增加到21.52 μg/mL，甲醛含量从0 μg/mL增加到0.213 mg/mL，与对照相比差异显著；此外，P. rubens 23229在含诱导物PSRF的筛选培养基中培养后，其除菌发酵液可降解rPSRF，说明P. rubens 23229产生的降解酶为胞外酶，受PSRF诱导产生。本研究可为高分子脲醛肥料的生物降解途径及应用提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 高分子脲醛缓释肥料 降解菌 产红青霉 生物降解 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.08.05 |
| 投稿时间：2021-12-28 |
| 基金项目:纳米功能复合材料山西省重点实验室开放基金(NFCM202003)；山西省重点研发计划项目农业方面(201903D221068)；聚合物基功能新材料山西省“1331工程”重点创新团队；山西省新材料产业创新学科群项目 |
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| Screening of polymeric urea-formaldehyde slow-release fertilizer degrading microorganisms and preliminary study on its degrading enzyme properties |
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WANG Fang1,HU Peiyi1,XIANG Yang2,3,QIE Haoran1,TONG Yingfang2,3,LIU Zichao1,GUO Shiwei1,GUO Jianfeng1,LIU Yaqing2,3*
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| (1.Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;2.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nano Functional Composites Materials, Taiyuan 030051, China;3. Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030051, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To study the biodegradation process of slow release fertilizer containing polymer urea-formaldehyde, the polymeric slow release fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium(PSRF)was used in medium as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. Soil applied PSRF for two years was used to screen for the degrading microorganisms. Morphology, ITS gene sequence identification and phylogenetic analysis were used to identify the strain. SEM, laser particle size meter(LPSM), acetyl acetone spectrophotometry and ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry were used to estimate the degradation effect of insoluble pyrolytic resistant giant molecule PSRF(rPSRF)ultrasonic treated at 100 ℃. The results showed that: One PSRF degradable strain was isolated and was identified as Penicillium rubens with preservation number CGMCC 23229(P. rubens 23229). The results of SEM and LPSM showed that P. rubens 23229 could attach and grow on rPSRF and degrade it from a dense bulk grain structure of small pieces and smaller debris during co-culture with rPSRF. In the progress of degradation, the phosphorus contented in solution increased from 0 to 21. 52 μg/mL, and the formaldehyde content increased from 0 to 0. 213 mg/mL, which were significantly different to the control. Moreover, rPSRF could be degraded in the P. rubens 23229 fermentation broth after cultured in screening medium containing PSRF, indicating that the degradation enzyme produced by P. rubens 23229 was an extracellular enzyme and induced by PSRF. This study can provide reference to the biodegradation pathway and application of polymer urea-formaldehyde fertilizer. |
| Key words: polymeric urea-formaldehyde slow release fertilizer degrading microorganisms Penicillium rubens biodegradation |
