| 摘要: |
| 为探究氮肥追施量对不同粒色小麦产量和品质的影响，选用4 个黑粒小麦(‘运黑161’、‘紫优5号’、‘冬黑1号’、‘临黑131’)和7个白粒小麦(‘品育8012’、‘济麦44’、‘济麦23’、‘晋麦95’、‘石农086’、‘邯农1412’、‘中农175’)品种，设置0(N0)、34.5(N1)、51.8(N2)和69.0(N3)kg/hm2 4个追氮水平(在拔节期追施)，测定小麦籽粒产量、品质、氮含量和氮吸收量、硒含量等指标。结果表明:1)与N0相比，追氮均增加小麦籽粒产量，不同品种达到最高产量的适宜追氮量不同。4个黑粒小麦籽粒产量在N1处理最高，产量增幅为19.4%~30.8%；白粒小麦‘品育8012’、‘济麦23’、‘晋麦95’、‘济麦44’和‘石农086’籽粒产量在N2处理最高，产量增幅为20.8%~85.1%，‘邯农1412’和‘中农175’产量随追氮量增加而增加。2)追氮可增加2种粒色小麦籽粒氮含量，黑粒小麦在N3处理氮含量最高，增幅为4.2%~18.3%，白粒小麦N2处理最高，增幅为3.9%~18.1%。追氮可使黑粒小麦籽粒硒含量增加11.3%~121.8%，白粒小麦籽粒硒含量降低6.7%~83.0%；追氮使黑粒小麦籽粒蛋白含量增幅为0.7%~16.1%，白粒小麦增幅为0.8%~31.7%。3)综合考虑产量和品质指标，在基施氮肥165.0 kg/hm2基础上，黑粒小麦拔节期追氮34.5 kg/hm2，白粒小麦拔节期追氮51.8 kg/hm2较为适宜。 |
| 关键词: 追氮量 小麦 粒色 产量 品质 硒 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.08.02 |
| 投稿时间：2021-08-14 |
| 基金项目:山西农业大学(省农业科学院)农业科技创新研究课题(YCX2020YQ25)；山西省重点研发计划(201703D211002-5)；山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题(YCX2019T07)；山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC015) |
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| Effect of nitrogen topdressing amount on the yield, quality and selenium uptake of different color-grained wheat |
|
DONG Fei1,YAN Qiuyan1,ZHANG Minmin2,LI Feng1*,JIA Yaqin1,LU Jinxiu1,SHEN Yanting1,YANG Feng1
|
| (1.Institute of wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen 041000, China;2.College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the effects of nitrogen topdressing amount on the yield and quality of wheat with different color-grained wheat varieties, four black-grained wheat varieties(‘Yunhei161', ‘Ziyou 5', ‘Donghei 1', ‘Linhei 131'), and seven white grain varieties(‘Pinyu 8012', ‘Jimai 44', ‘Jimai 23', ‘Jinmai 95', ‘Shinong 086', ‘Hannong 1412', ‘Zhongnong 175')were selected. Four nitrogen supplemental levels of 0(N0), 34. 5(N1), 51. 8(N2), 69. 0 kg/hm2(N3)at jointing stage were set. The grain yield, quality, nitrogen content, nitrogen absorption and selenium content of wheat were determined. The results showed that: 1)Nitrogen topdressing increased the wheat yield, and the degree of increment varied with wheat varieties. The highest yield of black-grained wheat varieties was obtained under N1, which was increased by 19. 4%-30. 8%. The highest yield of ‘Pinyu 8012', ‘Jimai 23', ‘Jinmai 95', ‘Jimai 44'and ‘Shinong 086' was achieved under N2, which was increased by 20. 8%-85. 1%. The yield of ‘Hannong 1412'and ‘Zhongnong 175' increased with the increase of nitrogen topdressing amount. 2)Nitrogen topdressing increased grain nitrogen content of the two color grain wheat, with an increase of 4. 2%-18. 3% under N3 for black-grained wheat and 3. 9%-18. 1% under N2 for white-grained wheat. Grain selenium content increased by 11. 3%-121. 8% for black-grained wheat and decreased by 6. 7%-83. 0% for white-grained wheat under topdressing nitrogen treatments. Nitrogen topdressing increased the protein contend of black-grained wheat and white-grained wheat by 0. 7%-16. 1% and 0. 8%-31. 7%, respectively. 3)Considering the yield and quality indexes, on the basis of 165 kg/hm2 basal nitrogen, the suitable nitrogen topdressing amount was 34. 5 kg/hm2 for black-grained wheat and 51. 8 kg/hm2 for white-grained wheat at jointing stage. |
| Key words: nitrogen topdressing amount wheat grain color yield quality selenium |
