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| 基于能值分析的“葡萄-灵芝”复合系统的生产效率及可持续性评价 |
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林怡1,2,叶菁1,2,刘岑薇1,2,王义祥1,2*
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| (1.福建省农业科学院 农业生态研究所, 福州 350003;2.福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为评价“葡萄-灵芝”复合系统的生态经济效益和可持续发展能力。本研究运用能值分析，从物质流、能量流、货币流3个角度比较分析“葡萄-灵芝”复合系统和葡萄单作系统的能值投入和能值产出。结果表明:“葡萄-灵芝(头部脱袋)”(模式C1)和“葡萄-灵芝(全脱袋)”(模式C2)2种复合系统与葡萄单作系统(模式M)相比，净能值产出率分别提高了31.48%、34.72%，能值投资率与产投比分别提高了0.95、0.90倍与0.31、0.35倍；能值自给率与环境负载率分别下降了47.42%、46.15%与57.98%、56.75%；可更新能值率与可持续发展指数分别提高了24.69%、24.03%和2.13、2.11倍。此外，模式C1较模式C2的净能值产出率低2.41%，可持续发展指数高0.46%。相比葡萄单作系统，“葡萄-灵芝”复合系统具有更强的经济活力与环境可持续性，在高水平高质量管理下的设施葡萄园选择适宜的食用菌品种套作，更能体现生态果园复合模式良好的系统活力和发展潜能，虽然系统自我维持能力较弱，受经济社会影响波动较大，果菌复合模式的发展与生产效率仍有提升空间。 |
| 关键词: 能值分析 系统效率 可持续评价 复合系统 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.07.10 |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-03 |
| 基金项目:中央引导地方科技发展专项(2021L3021)；福建省农科院协同创新工程(XTCXGC2021010)；福建省科技厅公益类项目(2018R1016-3)；中国工程院院地合作项目(2020-FJ-XZ-8) |
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| Evaluation of the production efficiency and sustainability of ‘grape-Ganoderma lucidum' compound system based on emergy analysis |
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LIN Yi1,2,YE Jing1,2,LIU Cenwei1,2,WANG Yixiang1,2*
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| (1.Agricultural Ecology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China;2.Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Process in Hilly Red Soil, Fuzhou 350013, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to investigate the eco-economic comprehensive benefit and sustainable development capacity of “grape-Ganoderma lucidum” compound system, based on the emergy analysis method, the emergy input and output of “grape-Ganoderma lucidum” compound system and grape monoculture system were analyzed from three prospectives, e. g. , material flow, energy stream and monetary stream. The results showed that: compared with those of mono-cropping(Mode M), the net emergy yield ratio of the “grape-Ganoderma lucidum” compound system(head unbagged)(Mode C1)and full unbagged(Mode C2)was increased by 31. 48% and 34. 72%, respectively; their emergy investment ratio and output-input ratio of emergy-monetary were increased 0. 95 and 0. 90 times, 0. 31 and 0. 35 times, respectively; their emergy self-sufficiency ratio and environmental loading ratio reduced by 47. 42% and 46. 15%, 57. 98% and 56. 75%, respectively; the renewable emergy ratio and emergy sustainable indices were increased by 24. 69% and 24. 03%, 2. 13 and 2. 11 times. Moreover, the net emergy yield ratio of Mode C1 was reduced by 2. 41%, and the emergy sustainable indices were increased by 0. 46% compared with Mode C2. In conclusion, the “grape-Ganoderma lucidum” compound system displayed stronger economic vitality, less environmental pressure and stronger sustainability. The ecological economic benefits and sustainable development were greatly improved by selecting suitable edible fungi for intercropping in the grape vineyards with higher management level. |
| Key words: emergy-analysis efficiency of system sustainability assessment compound system |
