| 摘要: |
| 为明确引起阳山水蜜桃果腐病病原菌的种类并筛选高效防治药剂，以阳山镇桃园采集的40个具有典型腐烂症状的‘晚湖景’水蜜桃果实为病样，对分离得到的51株真菌进行形态学、分子生物学鉴定和致病性测定，并分析了4种药剂对病原菌的抑菌效果。结果表明:1)结合形态学特征、rDNA-ITS序列分析以及病原菌的回接试验结果，确定48株菌株为白地霉(Geotrichum candidum，异名Galactomyces candidus)，3株菌株为桃吉尔霉(Gilbertella persicaria)；2)药剂筛选结果表明，喹啉铜及代森锰锌对白地霉菌丝的生长抑制效果最好，其中33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂或80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂的1 000倍液均完全抑制了白地霉菌丝的生长，而50%甲基硫菌灵悬浮剂和30%苯醚甲环唑悬浮剂1 000倍液的抑制效果则均低于65.0%；此外，33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂对桃吉尔霉的抑制效果最好，其1 000倍液的药剂抑制率达86.4%，而其他3种药剂的抑制效果则均低于65.0%。综上，施用1 000倍液的喹啉铜悬浮剂能同时有效抑制白地霉和桃吉尔霉的生长，可用于预防阳山水蜜桃成熟期的腐烂。该研究结果可为阳山地区水蜜桃果腐病防治提供理论参考。 |
| 关键词: 水蜜桃 白地霉 桃吉尔霉 杀菌剂 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.07.09 |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-16 |
| 基金项目:中国农业大学江苏阳山教授工作站项目(201905510120460) |
|
| Isolation and identification of pathogenic fungi of Yangshan honey peach rot and screening of highly effective fungicides |
|
LU Renxiang1,WANG Zhe1,ZHAI Yujia1,JIN Weixin2,SHEN Fei2,ZHENG Chuanlin1*
|
| (1.College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Agricultural Service Center of Yangshan Town, Huishan District, Wuxi 214156, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to isolate and identify the pathogenic fungi causing rot peach, and screen effective fungicides, a total of 40 ‘Wanhujing' honey peach fruits with typical rot symptoms in a peach orchard in Yangshan Town were sampled and used as the diseased materials in this study. The morphological and molecular biological identification, pathogenicity determination were preforme, and the effects of four fungicides were analysed. The results showed that: Combining the morphological characteristics, rDNA-ITS sequence analysis and the results of the re-inoculation experiment of pathogenic fungi, 48 strains were identified as Geotrichum candidum(alias Galactomyces candidus)and 3 strains identified as Gilbertella persicaria. The fungicide screening results showed that oxine-copper and mancozeb had the best inhibitory effect on the growth of G. candidum, 1 000 fold dilution of 33. 5% oxine-copper suspension concentrate or 80% mancozeb soluble powder were completely inhibited the growth of the mycelium. The inhibitory effect of 50% thiophanate-methyl or 30% difenoconazole suspension concentrate(×1 000 dilutions)were less than 65. 0%; In addition, the 33. 5% oxine-copper suspension concentrate(×1 000 dilutions)was the best fungicide inhibiting G. persicaria growth, whose inhibitory rate reached 86. 4%, while the inhibitory rate of the other three fungicides was less than 65. 0%. Above all, oxine-copper suspension concentrate(×1 000 dilutions)can both effectively inhibit the growth of G. candidum and G. persicaria, and it may be used to prevent the rot disease of honey peach during the ripening stage in Yangshan. |
| Key words: honey peach Geotrichum candidum Gilbertella persicaria fungicides |
