| 摘要: |
| 为理清水培叶菜工厂快速发展过程中，机械设备应用现状和相关研究进展，以水培叶菜播种、育苗、移栽、收获环节为突破口，重点分析水培叶菜生产全流程相关的播种机械、移栽机械和收获机械国内外研究现状与发展趋势。研究结果表明:视觉识别、专家智能系统等高新技术正融入水培机械，播种、移栽和收获环节的机械正朝着智能化和精准化方向发展，但受机械价格和适用性等因素的影响，水培叶菜生产各环节的机械化应用较低，除了在播种环节有一定的播种机械应用外，水培叶菜的移栽和收获仍然依赖人工，水培叶菜全流程的机械化应用尚属空白。当前政府应加大科研投入，研发人员应注重加强水培农艺与农机融合，着重开展水培移栽机和收获机的创新性研究，突破弱势环节，因时制宜的发展水培叶菜机械。 |
| 关键词: 植物工厂 水培叶菜 播种机械 移栽机械 采收机械 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.05.02 |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-05 |
| 基金项目:成都地方财政专项(NASC2020KR05) |
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| Research progress on the full mechanization production of hydroponic leafy vegetables in plant factory |
|
LI Zonggeng,YANG Qichang,SHA Dejian,MA Wei
|
| (Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610299, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aims of this study were to sort out the application status and related research progress of mechanical equipment in the rapid development of hydroponic leafy vegetable factory, and provide reference for the research and development of hydroponic leafy vegetable mechanical equipment. Taking the sowing, seedling raising, transplanting and harvesting links of hydroponic leaf vegetable as breakthroughs, this study focused on the research status and development trend of sowing machinery, transplanting machinery and harvesting machinery related to the whole process of hydroponic leaf vegetable production at home and abroad. The results showed that: High and new technologies such as visual recognition and expert intelligent system are being integrated into hydroponic machinery, and the machinery in sowing, transplanting and harvesting is developing towards intelligence and precision. However, due to the influence of factors such as machinery price and applicability, the mechanized application of all links in the production of hydroponic leafy vegetables is low. In addition to a certain application of sowing machinery in the sowing link, the transplanting and harvesting of hydroponic leafy vegetables basically relied on labor, and the mechanized application of the whole process of hydroponic leafy vegetables is still blank. At present, the government should increase investment in scientific research. Researcher should pay attention to strengthen the integration of hydroponic agronomy and agricultural machinery, focus on the innovative research of hydroponic transplanter and harvester, break through the weak links, and develop hydroponic leaf vegetable machinery according to circumstances. |
| Key words: plant factory hydroponic leafy vegetables seeding machinery transplanting machinery harvesting machinery |
