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| 植物无土栽培技术研究进展 |
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晏琼1,刘晓宇1,虞昊安1,李翎慈1,刘潇漪2,张育新2,戴昊鸣1,陈斯琳1,成喜雨1*
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| (1.北京交通大学 物理科学与工程学院, 北京 100044;2.重庆大学 材料科学与工程学院, 重庆 400045) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为了解植物无土栽培技术的发展，以“无土栽培”、“基质栽培”、“雾培”和“水培”为关键词，依据Web of Science、Pub-Med和知网等数据库，检索了1989—2021年发表的相关文献，对无土栽培发展历程、主要技术以及未来趋势进行了总结和分析。结果表明: 1)无土栽培包括水培、雾培、基质栽培等，其中成本低、操作简单的基质栽培是主要方式，而操作、成本均更高的雾培和水培在高效植物栽培工厂建设上潜力巨大；2)探索高效、节水、可持续有机种植技术，融合人工智能和物联网技术，发展适配常规环境和恶劣环境的智慧农业是发展趋势之一；3)针对室内及楼宇空间等个体化种植需求，发展小型化、家庭化、精致化、智能化无土栽培技术是发展趋势之二；4)密闭空间种植和太空种植技术的研究也将受到更多关注。 |
| 关键词: 无土栽培 有机种植 智慧农业 太空种植 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.05.01 |
| 投稿时间：2021-10-27 |
| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费(2017JBM073)；国家级大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目 |
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| Recent advances in plant soilless cultivation |
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YAN Qiong1,LIU Xiaoyu1,YU Haoan1,LI Lingci2,LIU Xiaoyi2,ZHANG Yuxin2,DAI Haoming1,CHEN Silin1,CHENG Xiyu1*
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| (1.School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;2.College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To address the development of soilless cultivation technology of plants, the literature published in Web of Science, Pub Med and HowNet from 1989 to 2021 was retrieved by using “soilless cultivation”, “matrix cultivation”, “fog cultivation” and “hydroponic cultivation” as keywords. The core technologies of soilless cultivation were summarized and analyzed. The results showed that: 1)Soilless culture mainly includes hydroponic culture, fog culture and substrate culture. Substrate culture with low cost and simple operation is the most popular method, while fog culture and hydroponic culture with higher operation requirements and cost have great potential in the construction of high-efficiency plant cultivation factory. 2)Exploring highly efficient, water-saving and sustainable organic planting technology, integrating artificial intelligence and internet of things technology and developing intelligent agriculture suitable for conventional environment and harsh environment are proposed for promising soilless cultivation. 3)The miniaturized, family, exquisite and intelligent soilless cultivation technology for the individual planting needs of indoor and building space is also promising. 4)More attention needs be paid to its applications in confined space planting and space planting technology. |
| Key words: soilless cultivation organic planting intelligent agriculture space planting |
