| 摘要: |
| 为探讨冬季两种不同舍饲方式对羔羊生长性能、血液热休克蛋白、免疫和抗氧化功能的影响，将30只2月龄、体重相近((16.42±2.52)kg)的杜泊×蒙古杂交母羔羊随机分为2个处理组:一组为封闭式舍饲组(CHG)，另外一组为开放式舍饲组(OHG)。试验期28 d，每天记录舍内外温度、湿度、风速、氨气及二氧化碳含量和两组试验羊的采食量，并于第1和28天称重，计算平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比；于第7、14、21和28天进行颈静脉采血，分离血清并收集白细胞，测定热休克蛋白、免疫因子和抗氧化指标及其相关基因的表达量。结果表明:1)与CHG 羔羊相比，OHG羔羊的平均日增重显著下降(P<0.05)，料重比显著上升(P<0.05)；2)与CHG 羔羊相比，OHG羔羊的血清胰岛素含量显著下降(P<0.05)，热休克蛋白90(HSP90)含量显著上升(P<0.05)，血液白细胞中热休克转录因子1和HSP90 mRNA表达量显著提高(P<0.05)；3)与CHG 羔羊相比，OHG羔羊的血清白介素4(IL-4)含量显著下降(P<0.05)，白介素1(IL-1β)含量极显著下降(P<0.01)，血液白细胞中受体相互作用蛋白2、核转录因子κB(NF-κBp50)、NF-κBp65、IL-1β、IL-4和肿瘤坏死因子-α mRNA表达量显著下降(P<0.05)；4)与CHG羔羊相比，OHG羔羊的血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著降低(P<0.05)，总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性极显著降低(P<0.01)，丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著上升(P<0.01)，血液白细胞中核转录因子2(Nrf2)、过氧化氢酶、GSH-Px、SOD1和SOD2 mRNA表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。综上，在冬季，开放式舍饲方式会降低羔羊的日增重，增加料重比，引起羔羊免疫水平降低和氧化应激，其机体通过提高HSP和Nrf2基因的转录水平，降低NF-κB基因的转录水平来维持机体内环境稳态，而封闭式舍内温度相对较高且稳定，羔羊机体应激程度较小，有利于其健康与生长。因此，比起冬季为羔羊舍增设运动场，更需要做好羔羊舍的保暖工作。 |
| 关键词: 舍饲模式 羔羊 免疫功能 抗氧化 热休克蛋白 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.04.19 |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-15 |
| 基金项目:澳大利亚昆士兰大学资助的动物福利国际合作项目 |
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| Effects of two housing models on the growth performance, immune and antioxidant function of lambs in winter |
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GUO Wenliang,GUO Yanfei,WU Weiqi,GUO Shiwei,SHI Lulu,JIN Xiao,SHI Binlin
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| (College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China) |
| Abstract: |
| This research aimed to study the effects of two different housing models on the growth performance, blood heat shock protein(HSP), immune function and antioxidant status of lambs in winter. Thirty 2-month-old Dorper × Mongolian lambs((16. 42±2. 52)kg)were randomly divided into two groups: One group was closed house feeding group(CHG), and the other group was opened house feeding group(OHG). During the trial period of 28 days, the temperature, humidity, wind speed NH3 and CO2 in lamb houses were recorded daily, and the lambs were weighed on the 1 st and 28th days to calculate the average daily gain, average daily feed intake and the ratio of feed to gain, and the blood samples were collected on 7th, 14th, 21th and 28th days. Serum was isolated, leukocytes were collected, and the expression of heat shock protein, immune and antioxidant indexes and related genes were measured. The results showed that: 1)Compared with CHG lambs, the average daily gain of OHG lambs significantly decreased(P<0. 05), the ratio of feed to gain significantly increased(P<0. 05). 2)Compared with CHG lambs, the serum insulin content of OHG lambs significantly increased(P<0. 05). HSP90 levels of OHG lambs significantly increased(P<0. 05), and the mRNA expression of heat shock transcription factor 1 and HSP90 in blood leukocytes significantly improved(P<0. 05). 3)Compared with CHG lambs, the content of serum interleukin 4(IL-4)and OHG lambs was significantly decreased(P<0. 05), and the content of interleukin 1(IL-1β)was significantly decreased(P<0. 01). Receptor-interacting protein 2, nuclear transcription factor κB(NF-κBp50), NF-κBp65, IL-1β, IL-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression in blood leukocytes significantly decreased(P<0. 05). 4)Compared with CHG lambs, the serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity of OHG lambs was significantly reduced(P<0. 05), and the total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity was significantly reduced(P<0. 01), the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)increased significantly(P<0. 01), the expression of nuclear transcription factor 2(Nrf2), catalase, GSH-Px, SOD1 and SOD2 mRNA in white blood leukocytes significantly improved(P<0. 05). In short, in winter, opened house feeding will reduce the daily gain of lambs, increase ratio of feed to gain, and reduce the immune level and oxidative stress of lambs, and reduce NF-κB by increasing the transcription level of HSP and Nrf2 gene transcription levels to maintain the homeostasis of the internal environment, while the temperature in the closed house is relatively higher and stable, and the body's stress is small, which is conducive to the health and growth of lambs. In conclusion, compared with adding a playground to the lamb in winter, it is more necessary to keep the lamb warm. |
| Key words: housing models lamb immune function antioxidant status heat shock protein |
